성범죄자 심리치료 효과성에 대한 문헌고찰
A Review of the Effectiveness of Sex Offenders Psychotherapy
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이 연구는 심각한 사회문제 중 하나인 성범죄와 관련하여 성범죄자 심리치료 효과성의 평가와 효과성 연구들을 살펴보았다. 성범죄는 다른 범죄에 비하여 지난 10년 동안 상대적으로 높은 증가추이를 보이고 있다. 성범죄 재범과 관련하여 성범죄 재범의 정의, 추적기간, 성범죄의 다양성을 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 성범죄자 재범을 방지하기 위해서 성범죄자 심리치료를 실시하고 있으며, 연구자들은 심리치료 효과를 알아보기 위해 치료 내 변화, 치료 후 변화(재범율 감소)에 대한 연구 등을 시행해 왔다. 성범죄자 심리치료는 대부분 효과적인 것으로 메타분석에 잘 나타나고 있다. 성범죄자 심리치료에 효과적이었던 것으로, ⓛ 특정 기법으로는 인지행동치료, ② 위험성-욕구-반응성 원칙의 준수, ③ 특정 모델에서는 좋은삶과 자기조절모델, ④ 치료자 변인이 고려되었다. 앞으로 성범죄자 심리치료가 좀 더 발전할 수 있기 위해서는 심리치료 효과성에 대한 계속적인 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Sexual offense is one of serious social problems. This study has reviewed the effectiveness and its evaluation of psychotherapy of sex offenders. The number of cases of sexual offenses increased more than other crimes during the decade. In relation to the recidivism of sex offenses, it is necessary to consider the definition of recidivism, follow-up period, and the diversity of sexual offenses. Many countries are implementing psychotherapy for sex offenders to prevent the recurrence of sexual offenses. Researchers conducted the research to confirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy for sex offenders. These include within-treatment, reduction in recidivism, and meta-analysis. The psychotherapy of sex offenders has been shown to be almost effective, which is common in meta analysis. Specific methods effective on psychotherapy of sex offenders were cognitive behavioral therapy, important risks for treatment of criminals risk—need-responsivity principles, Good Lives and Self-Regulation Models, and therapist factors, Continuous research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy is necessary to further develop the psychotherapy of sex offenders in the future.
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