比字句中比较结果对认识情态助动词“要”位置的影响
The Effect of Comparative Result on the Distribution of the Epistemic Modal Auxiliary Verb 'YAO(要)' in 'BI(比)' Comparative Sentences
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초록
本文利用来自大规模现代汉语语料库的实际用例，考察了比字句中表认识情态义的助动词“要”的分布情况。我们的考察表明，比较结果会对“要”的位置产生一定程度的影响，这种影响主要来自表达比较结果的主要成分W所具有的可识别性。W的可识别性越低，“要”越倾向于后置；W的可识别性越高，“要”前置的可能性越大。之所以有这样的影响，是因为比字句中后置的“要”具有凸显W的功能。需要强调的是，W的可识别性对“要”位置的影响是倾向性的，而非决定性的。
Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of comparative result on the distribution of 'YAO(要)' in 'BI(比)' Comparative Sentences. Based on our study, it is clear that comparative results affect the placement of 'YAO' to some extent and such effect is from the recognizability of the component W, which mainly expresses the comparative result. To be specific, the less recognizable the component W is, the higher the possibility of 'YAO' being placed in the back position; meanwhile, the more recognizable the component W is, the higher the possibility of 'YAO' being placed in the front position. However, Such effect is not an absolute rule because of the following 3 reasons: (1) 'YAO' has a close relationship with W, so the 'Back Position Structure' is still dominant, (2) to place 'YAO' in the back position is not the only way to give prominence to the component W, (3) many adjectives that act as W alone are frequently used words, making it easier for users to extract them from the lexicon.
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