본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

대학생의 진로미결정이 경력적응성에 미치는 영향: 진로결정자기효능감과 직업선택 시 중요도의 조절된 매개효과

The effect of career indecision of college students on career adaptability by mediating career decision self-efficacy: Moderated mediating effect of the job preference

이진주|송지훈|유명현
한국직업교육학회|2022.10|직업교육연구 (The Journal of Vocational Education Research)|제41권 제5호|pp. 1-28|DOI https://doi.org/10.37210/JVER.2022.41.5.1

1

조회

0

다운로드

3

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

대학생University student조절된 매개효과진로결정자기효능감진로미결정Career adaptabilityCareer decision self-efficacyJob preferenceCareer indecision경력적응성Moderated mediating effect직업선택 시 중요도
주제분류교육학

초록

우리나라의 대학생은 오랜 시간과 비용을 취업준비에 투자하고 있으나, 자신이 원하는 직무나 취업 후의 경력개발에 대해서는 구체적으로 고민하기 어려운 환경에 있어 대학생의 진로미결정은 점차 심화되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 우리나라 청년들이 가지고 있는 진로와 경력에 대한 전반적 인식 수준을 확인하기 위하여 청년패널 1,365명의 데이터를 사용하였으며, SPSS PROCESS Macro를 사용하여 진로미결정과 경력적응성 사이의 관계에서 진로결정효능감의 매개효과 및 직업선택 시 중요도의 조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 대학생의 진로미결정은 경력적응성에 부적(-) 영향을 주었으며, 진로결정자기효능감이 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직업선택 시 중요도가 진로미결정이 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 부적 영향을 유의하게 조절하였다. 마지막으로 진로미결정이 진로결정자기효능감을 매개하여 경력적응성에 미치는 간접효과는 직업선택 시 중요도를 평균보다 1 표준편차 낮게 지각하는 집단에서 더욱 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 변화된 경력환경에서 대학생의 진로선택을 지원할 수 있는 역량으로써 경력적응성의 역할을 논의하였으며, 대학생의 진로결정에서 진로결정자기효능감과 직업선택 시 가치관의 중요성을 인식하고 대학생의 진로미결정에 대한 논의를 경력개발의 관점으로 확장하였다. 본 연구의 시사점은 대학생의 진로미결정에 대한 이해와 지원을 제공하였으며, 직업선택 시 중요도에 따른 조절된 매개효과를 논의하였다. 아울러 의사 결정 및 자기 탐구, 진로 상담과 같이 대학생들이 경력적응성을 향상시키기 위한 실천적 시사점을 제공하였다.

Abstract

College students in Korea are investing a long time and money in preparing for a job, such as focusing on so-called spec building and acquiring certifications. Still, they do not seriously consider the job they want or career development after employment. Therefore, in this study, data from 1,365 youth panels were used to check the overall level of awareness of Korean youth about careers. The mediation of career decision self-efficacy in the relationship between career indecision and career adaptability using SPSS Process Macro verified the moderated mediating effect of the effect and job preference. The results of the study were. First, the career indecision of college students had a negative (-) effect on career adaptability, and it was found that career decision self-efficacy was partially mediated in this relationship. Second, job preference significantly controlled the negative effect of career undecided career decision self-efficacy. Finally, it was found that the indirect effect of career indecision on career adaptability by mediating career decision self-efficacy was strengthened in the group who perceived the job preference as one standard deviation lower than the average. As an implication of this study, it provided understanding and support for college students' undecided careers. It discussed the mediating effect that was regulated according to the importance of career choice. Moreover, improving career adaptability through decision-making and self-exploration can practically contribute to solving youth career problems.

참고문헌 (79)

  1. 고은숙, "대학생의 진로 미결정 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구 :'90년대 생 졸업예정자를 중심으로", 進路敎育硏究, 34(3), pp.67~98 (2021), 한국진로교육학회
  2. 김은영, "전문대학생의 진로결정관계성, 진로결정효능감이 진로미결정에 미치는 영향", 進路敎育硏究, 23(1), pp.79~96 (2010), 한국진로교육학회
  3. 문은미, "사회초년생이 직업적응과정에서 경험하는 어려움: 중소기업에 취업한 대학졸업자를 중심으로", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 28(3), pp.743~775 (2016), 한국상담심리학회
  4. 박가열, "대학생 진로개발 역량을 위한 교육요구 분석", 進路敎育硏究, 22(2), pp.181~198 (2009), 한국진로교육학회
  5. Amos, "(SPSS", pp.배병렬, LISREL
  6. 이영민, "대학생 선호직장의 취업 결정요인 분석: 취업준비행동의 역할을 중심으로", 사회과학연구, 53(1), pp.337~374 (2014), 사회과학연구원
  7. "대학생 46.9% ‘아직 진로 결정 못해’" (2020)[URL]
  8. "신입사원 77% ‘이직경험’ … 10년 전보다 두 배 이상 늘어" (2020)[URL]
  9. "직장인 ‘첫 이직’ 빨라졌다" (2021)[URL]
  10. "신입사원 10명 중 6명, ‘언택트’로 회사 생활 시작" (2021)[URL]
  11. 전미리, "부모진로지지와 대학생의 성격요인이 진로선택몰입에 미치는 영향: 진로결정효능감의 매개효과", 직업교육연구, 39(4), pp.1~24 (2020), 한국직업교육학회[DOI]
  12. 정선아, "대학생 진로집단상담 프로그램의 효과에 대한 메타분석: 진로정체감을 중심으로", 발달지원연구, 11(1), pp.41~59 (2022), 한국발달지원학회[DOI]
  13. 정영미, "멘토링 기반 진로효능감증진 프로그램이 간호대학생의 진로발달과 전공만족도에 미치는 장단기 효과", 학습자중심교과교육연구, 21(22), pp.761~775 (2021), 학습자중심교과교육학회
  14. 정은이, "대학생의 진로 장애와 대학 적응의 관계에 대한 진로 몰입 및 진로 적응성의 매개 효과", 進路敎育硏究, 27(2), pp.1~21 (2014), 한국진로교육학회
  15. 최민서, "대학생의 진로 불확실성 감소를 위한진로집단상담 프로그램 개발 및 효과성 분석", 인문사회 21, 13(2), pp.1223~1238 (2022), 인문사회 21
  16. 최현지, "대학생의 진로미결정 예측요인", 학습자중심교과교육연구, 21(3), pp.1013~1030 (2021), 학습자중심교과교육학회[DOI]
  17. Arthur, M. B., "Handbook of Career Theory" (1989), Cambridge University Press
  18. Bandura, A., "Social Foundation of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory" (1986), Prentice Hall
  19. Bagozzi, R. P., "On the evaluation of structural equation models", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), pp.74~94 (1988)
  20. Baldry, K., "Graduate unemployment in South Africa : social inequality reproduced", Journal of Education and Work, 29(7), pp.788~812 (2016)[DOI]
  21. Betz, N. E., "Career self-efficacy theory : Back to the future", Journal of Career Assessment, 14(1), pp.3~11 (2006)[DOI]
  22. Browne, M. W., "Alternative ways of assessing model fit", Sociological Methods & Research, 21(2), pp.230~258 (1992)[DOI]
  23. Choi, B. Y, "Understanding career decision self-efficacy : A meta-analytic approach", Journal of Career Development, 39(5), pp.443~460 (2012)[DOI]
  24. Creed, A. P., "Predicting two components of career maturity in school based adolescents", Journal of Career Development, 29(4), pp.277~289 (2003)
  25. Creed, P. A., "The relationship between career adaptability, person and situation variables, and career concerns in young adults", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), pp.219~229 (2009)[DOI]
  26. Creed, P., "Causal relationship between career indecision and career decision-making self-efficacy : A longitudinal cross-lagged analysis", Journal of Career Development, 33(1), pp.47~65 (2006)[DOI]
  27. Feldman, D. C., "The antecedents and consequences of early career indecision among young adults", Human Resource Management Review, 13(3), pp.499~531 (2003)[DOI]
  28. Feller, R. W., "Career Counseling", pp.249~278 (2012), Routledge
  29. Fornell, C., "Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error : Algebra and statistics", Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), pp.382~388 (1981)[DOI]
  30. Ginzberg, E., "A critical look at career guidance", American Vocational Journal, 47(4), pp.51~54 (1972)
  31. Guay, F., "Predicting career indecision : A self-determination theory perspective", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(2), pp.165~177 (2003)[DOI]
  32. Hackett, G., "A self-efficacy approach to the career development of women", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 18, pp.326~339 (1981)[DOI]
  33. Hair, J. F., "Multivariate Data Analysis" (1998), Prentice hall
  34. Hayes, A. F., "An index and test of linear moderated mediation", Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), pp.1~22 (2015)[DOI]
  35. Hirschi, A., "Career adaptivity, adaptability, and adapting : A conceptual and empirical investigation", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 87, pp.1~10 (2015)[DOI]
  36. Judge, T. A., "Effects of work values on job choice decisions", Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(3), pp.261~271 (1992)[DOI]
  37. Kelly, K. R., "Mapping the domain of career decision problems", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(2), pp.302~326 (2002)[DOI]
  38. Kerlinger, F. N., "Foundations of Behavioral Research", pp.599~619 (2000), Harcourt, Inc
  39. Koen, J., "Training career adaptability to facilitate a successful school-to-work transition", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(3), pp.395~408 (2012)[DOI]
  40. Kwon, J. E., "Work volition and career adaptability as predictors of employability : Examining a moderated mediating process", Sustainability, 11(24), pp.7089~ (2019)[DOI]
  41. Lee, K. H., "Coping with career indecision : Differences between four career choice types", Journal of Career Development, 31(4), pp.279~289 (2005)[DOI]
  42. Lent, R. W., "Contextual supports and barriers to career choice : A social cognitive analysis", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(1), pp.36~49 (2000)[DOI]
  43. Leong, F. T. L., "Individual Adaptability to Changes at Work" (2014), Routledge
  44. Lin, S. H., "Unpacking the role of self-esteem in career uncertainty : A self-determination perspective", The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(3), pp.231~239 (2015)[DOI]
  45. Maree, K, "Psychology of Career Adaptability, Employability and Resilience" (2017), Springer
  46. Marsh, H. W., "Application of confirmatory factor analysis to the study of self-concept : First-and higher order factor models and their invariance across groups", Psychological Bulletin, 97(3), pp.562~582 (1985)[DOI]
  47. Maynard, D. C., "Underemployment: Psychological, Economic, and Social Challenges" (2011), Springer Science & Business Media
  48. McDonald, R. P., "Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses", Psychological Methods, 7(1), pp.64~82 (2002)[DOI]
  49. McKee-Ryan, F. M., "“I have a job, but...”: A review of underemployment", Journal of Management, 37(4), pp.962~996 (2011)[DOI]
  50. Nam, S. K., "A psychometric evaluation of the career decision self-efficacy scale with Korean students : A Rasch model approach", Journal of Career Development, 38(2), pp.147~166 (2011)[DOI]
  51. Nota, L, "Career search self-efficacy, family support, and career indecision with Italian youth", Journal of Career Assessment, 15(2), pp.181~193 (2007)[DOI]
  52. O'Connell, D. J., "Unpacking personal adaptability at work", Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 14(3), pp.248~259 (2008)[DOI]
  53. Patton, W., "The systems theory framework of career development and counseling : Connecting theory and practice", International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 28(2), pp.153~166 (2006)[DOI]
  54. Patton, W., "Validation of the short form of the career development inventory—Australian version with a sample of university students", Australian Journal of Career Development, 14(3), pp.49~59 (2005)[DOI]
  55. Ployhart, R. E., "Explanations for selection decisions : Applicants'reactions to informational and sensitivity features of explanations", Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(1), pp.87~106 (1999)
  56. Porath, C. L., "Self-regulation : from goal orientation to job performance", Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), pp.185~192 (2006)[DOI]
  57. Preacher, K. J., "SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models", Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36(4), pp.717~731 (2004)
  58. Preacher, K. J., "Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses : Theory, methods, and prescriptions", Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), pp.185~227 (2007)[DOI]
  59. Rottinghaus, P. J., "The Career Futures Inventory : A measure of career-related adaptability and optimism", Journal of Career Assessment, 13(1), pp.3~24 (2005)[DOI]
  60. Rudolph, C. W., "Career adaptability : A meta-analysis of relationships with measures of adaptivity, adapting responses, and adaptation results", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, pp.17~34 (2017)[DOI]
  61. Ryan, R. M., "Perceived locus of causality and internalization : Examining reasons for acting in two domains", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, pp.749~761 (1989)
  62. Ryan, R. M., "Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being", American Psychologist, 55(1), pp.68~78 (2000)[DOI]
  63. Saks, A. M., "Change in job search behaviors and employment outcomes", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), pp.277~287 (2000)
  64. Savickas, M. L., "Career adaptability : An integrative construct for life-span, life-space theory", Career Development Quarterly, 45, pp.247~259 (1997)[DOI]
  65. Savickas, M. L, "Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research into Work", pp.147~183 (2013), Wiley
  66. Savickas, M. L., "Career Adapt-Abilities Scale : Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), pp.661~673 (2012)[DOI]
  67. Singh, R., "The relation between career decision-making strategies and person-job fit : A study of job changers", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64(1), pp.198~221 (2004)[DOI]
  68. Solberg, V. S., "Career search self-efficacy : Ripe for applications and intervention programming", Journal of Career Development, 21(1), pp.63~72 (1994)
  69. Super, D. E., "Career development in adulthood : Some theoretical problems", British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 9(2), pp.194~201 (1981)[DOI]
  70. Taber, B. J., "Future work self and career adaptability in the prediction of proactive career behaviors", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, pp.20~27 (2015)[DOI]
  71. Tak, J., "Career adapt-abilities scale—Korea form : Psychometric properties and construct validity", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), pp.712~715 (2012)[DOI]
  72. Tak, J., "Development of the Korean career indecision inventory", Journal of Career Assessment, 11(3), pp.328~345 (2003)[DOI]
  73. Taylor, K. M., "Applications of self-efficacy theory to the understanding and treatment of career indecision", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 22(1), pp.63~81 (1983)[DOI]
  74. Tolentino, L. R., "The role of self-monitoring and academic effort in students’ career adaptability and job search self-efficacy", Journal of Career Assessment, 27(4), pp.726~740 (2019)[DOI]
  75. Tracey, T. J., "Correspondence of interests and abilities with occupational choice", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(2), pp.178~189 (2001)[DOI]
  76. Udayar, S., "Investigating the link between trait emotional intelligence, career indecision, and self-perceived employability : The role of career adaptability", Personality and Individual Differences, 135, pp.7~12 (2018)[DOI]
  77. Yoo, K., "Core self-evaluation and work engagement : Moderated mediation model of career adaptability and job insecurity", Frontiers in Psychology, 10, pp.2093~ (2019)[DOI]
  78. Yoo, S., "Exploring human resource development research themes: A keyword network analysis", Human Resource Development Quarterly, 30(2), pp.155~174 (2019)[DOI]
  79. Zikic, J., "Job loss as a blessing in disguise : The role of career exploration and career planning in predicting reemployment quality", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(3), pp.391~409 (2006)[DOI]

관련 논문AI추천

대학생의 진로탐색행동이 진로적응력에 미치는 영향 - 불확실성 불관용에 의해 조절된 진로의사결정 자기효능감의 매개효과 -노윤신한국농·산업교육학회 · 농업교육과 인적자원개발2016 · 제48권 제3호대학생의 직업가치 요인과 진로계획성 간의 관계에서 자기효능감과 진로미결정의 이중매개 효과천지은한국청소년시설환경학회 · 청소년시설환경2023 · 제21권 제4호융복합시대에 대학생들의 완벽주의와 진로미결정의 관계: 진로결정 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로박명선, 박종원중소기업융합학회 · 융합정보논문지2018 · 제8권 제1호대학생의 진로결정자율감이 진로미결정에 미치는 효과에서 진로효능감 근원의 매개효과문지혜, 하수경한국복지상담교육학회 · 복지상담교육연구2016 · 제5권 제2호대학생의 학업적 자기효능감이 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향에서 진로결정수준의 매개효과 : 전공계열별 차이를 중심으로김혜민, 라영안교육연구소 · 교육문화연구2020 · 제26권 제5호대학생의 의사결정유형, 진로결정자기효능감, 진로동기와 진로미결정간의 관계김미영, 이재신, 이지혜한국청소년상담복지개발원 · 청소년상담연구2015 · 제23권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (3건)

국내 직무 역량모델 연구 동향 분석김대열pp. 29-49수산･해운계고등학교 교사의 현황 인식을 바탕으로 한 개선 방안 탐색황용욱, 김주완, 박종운, 문희성, 이광빈, 황미영pp. 51-68코로나19 이후 고등학교 교사의 학습공동체 활동, ICT활용능력, 교사소진 및 교직만족도 간의 구조적 관계 분석: 부산지역 고교 유형에 따른 차이를 중심으로이자형pp. 69-90
원문 보기