19~20세기 비금도 간척지의 조성과 이용 실태

Abstract

This thesis is a case study examining the land reclamation and actual utilization of people in Bigeum island during 19~20th century. Bigeum island was composed of 70 islands in various size before the land reclamation. It was during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the Imjin War, when people started to settle in the island. People from inland came to the island for evacuation, and it is verified that over 90% of Bigeum island population came to the island during 17~18th century. In late Joseon Period, people in Bigeum island began land reclamation in full scale. The record about the land of Bigeum island was found in 17th century litigation papers in Seoul. That is to say, in 1671, when the royal family occupied farmland of civilian in Bigeum island, the person filed a suit in Seoul. By this incident, it is confirmed that the royal territory was distributed among the western part of Bigeum island in the 17th century, and civilian territory among the eastern part. During this period, the subject of land reclamation of civilians on the island. The information about the reclaimed land in Biguem island during late Joseon Period is found inversely by the reclamation document. As the result, the land reclamation conducted in Bigeum island during 17~18th century, 14 islands disappeared. The place where the island dissipated became the reclaimed land. In this period, most of the reclaimed land was used as farmland. The land reclamation during the Japanese colonial time was led by government. The most outstanding change of the land reclamation change in this period is the development of Gasan port. Before the reclamation, Gason island was organized as annexed island of Bigeum island, which during the Japanese colonial time, by the construction of “Myeonjeon-Gasan-Daedong Seawall”, Gasan island has dissipated and the port was developed for its role as distribution port. After the Korean war, it was in the 19060s when the land reclamation of Bigeum island restarted. The land reclamation in the island was done individually or in group with population of island forming association. The reclaimed land during this period was mostly used as salt pond. This is because the natural environment of Bigeum island is appropriate for salt pond, the people had traditional experience of producing roast salt, and due to the implementation of salt manufacture act led by government, the production of salt was accelerated.