조선초기 風雲雷雨山川城隍祭의 수용·지속과 그 인식적 기반

Abstract

This study aims to investigate what enabled to launch and implement the Pungunnoe-u Sancheon Seonghwang ritual in significant manners in the early Choson period for better understanding of the religious mindset prevalent in that period. To contrast, the Koryo dynasty reveals that religious rituals such as the Pungunnoe-u Sancheon Seonghwang ritual had not been accepted or rarely instantiated, if any. The Chosun Dynasty, however, witnessed rituals including the Pungunnoe-u Sancheon Seonghwang ritual enacted in regular and significant manners. They include non-periodic rituals for rain in the time of severe drought as well as regular rituals. The emphasis shifted from miraculous deity[靈驗] to meritorious virtues[功德], which happened at the transitional period from the late Koryo dynasty into the early Choson. It had been widely granted that rituals ought to be observed for meritorious virtues as appropriate rewards, not praying good lucks for miraculous deity. Such change enabled rituals for Wind․Cloud․Thunder․Rain god(Pungunnoe-u風雲雷雨), Mountain․River god(Sancheon國內山川之神), and City god (Seonghwang國內城隍之神) possible as rewarding for meritorious service on their own. The Pungunnoe-u Sancheon Seonghwang ritual, as non-periodic one for rain, means more than a ritual for meritorious virtues. In spite of aiming to solve upcoming problems such as current severe drought, these rituals had served for governing classes that did what they were supposed to do for the need of people who suffered from drought.