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클러스터 정책실패의 교훈

The Paradox of Cluster Policy : Lessons from the Worst Practices

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주제분류지리학

초록

클러스터정책은 우리나라의 균형발전과 지역혁신체계 구축정책의 핵심으로 등장하고 있다. 이 글에서는 개념상 혼동이 있는 균형발전정책, 지역혁신체계, 클러스터정책 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 마이클 포터의 클러스터 개념의 발전과 문제점을 지적하였다. 또한 저발전지역의 지역개발정책으로서 클러스터 정책을 시행하였을 때의 문제점과 실패의 사례를 세밀하고 고찰해 보고, 우리나라 클러스터 정책에의 교훈과 시사점을 도출하였다.

Abstract

Industrial clusters and cluster policies are buzz words in the knowledge-based economy and economic geography literature. The Porterian model and European cluster development frames for the innovation-led regional development, however, have not been fully tested and evaluated, setting aside the conceptual vagueness and monotonous policy options. This paper addresses the limits of cluster policy in view of the regional socio-economic setting. It classifies the failed cluster policies into two, namely clusters as regional development tools and clusters as a major momentum for the formation of regional innovation system. The experiences and lessons of the failed cluster policies for each category then follow. Finally, the paper suggests some policy implications for Korean cluster and regional innovation strategies.

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