중소기업 근로자의 무형식학습이 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향: 경력몰입의 매개효과
The Influence of Informal Learning on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Mediating Effect of Career Commitment
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참고문헌
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초록
형식학습에 대한 한계점으로 인해 기업들은 형식학습이 아닌 무형식학습에 집중하기 시작하였다. 이러한 무형식학습은 개인의 직무성과와 직무태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는데, 직무성과 중 조직시민행동은 직무행위와 직무외적인 행위까지를 포함하는 개념이기 때문에 중요성이 더욱 부각되고 있다. 또한 직무태도 변인 중 경력몰입은 조직차원의 전략적 인적자원관리 및 개인차원의 경쟁력 확보를 위한 방안으로 중요성이 조명되고 있는 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구는 무형식학습과 조직시민행동, 경력몰입 간의 구조적 관계를 검증하고, 경력몰입의 매개효과를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구의 대상은 국내 중소기업 근로자 전체이며, 자료수집은 비확률적 표집 중 편의표집을 활용하여 총 269부를 최종 분석에 활용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 21.0과 Amos 22.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 동일방법편의, 평균, 표준편차 등의 기술통계와 신뢰도, 상관관계, 다중공선성, 정규성, 요인분석, 구조방정식 모형분석, 부트스트래핑을 활용한 매개효과 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중소기업 근로자의 무형식학습은 경력몰입을 통해 조직시민행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중소기업 근로자의 무형식학습과 조직시민행동 간에는 유의한 정적 상관이 존재하지 않았다. 셋째, 중소기업 근로자의 무형식학습은 경력몰입에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났다. 넷째, 중소기업 근로자의 경력몰입은 조직시민행동에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 경력몰입은 무형식학습과 조직시민행동 간 관계에서 완전매개역할을 한다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 한계점 및 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하고 인적자원개발 측면에서 학문적, 실천적 활용에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다.
Abstract
The importance of learning in the workplace continues to grow as society becomes more knowledge based. Due to the limitations of formal learning, companies have begun to concentrate on informal learning. Informal learning positively affects individual job performance and job attitudes, in which organizational citizenship behavior is a particularly important factor due to its inclusion of behaviors both related and unrelated to occupational activities. Additionally, among job attitude variables, career commitment plays an important role in organizational-level strategic human management and individual-level competitiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between informal learning, organizational citizenship behavior, and career commitment. The population of this study consisted of employees of small- and medium-sized enterprises in South Korea. A non-probabilistic method (convenience sampling) was used to collect data and a total of 269 cases were included in the analysis, which was conducted using structural equation modeling. The results of this study are summarized as follows: first, informal learning influenced organizational citizenship behavior through career commitment; second, there was no significantly positive relationship between informal learning and organizational citizenship behavior; third, informal learning had a significantly positive effect on career commitment; fourth, career commitment had a significantly positive effect on organizational citizenship behavior; fifth, informal learning had an indirectly positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior through career commitment. Based on the results of this study, implications for research and practice are suggested.
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