창업가의 성장경험 분석
An Analysis on Entrepreneur’s Growth Experience
0
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 창업가의 경험 중 개인 및 조직의 성장으로 이끄는 경험을 성장경험이라 명명하고, 그 유형 및 특징에 관하여 탐구하였다. 이를 위해 창업 경력이 3년차 이상인 창업가 16명을 대상으로 심층면담을 진행하여 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 질적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업가의 성장경험 분류는 창업가가 제어할 수 있고, 인지된 위험이 크지 않다고 판단되는 안전지대 경험, 창업가가 의도적으로 자신의 안전지대를 넓히고자 하는 확장지대 경험, 창업가의 제어 범위를 벗어난 사건이 창업가에게 발생하여 겪는 혼돈지대 경험으로 나타났다. 둘째, 창업가의 성장경험은 변증법적 성장이라는 특징을 갖는다. 즉 창업가는 현재 상태로서의 정의 경험, 그것을 깨뜨리는 경험인 반의 경험, 반을 극복한 성장을 의미하는 합의 경험을 순환하면서 성장을 이룬다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 첫째, 창업가는 일상적인 경험과 비일상적인 경험 모두를 통하여 성장한다는 점을 밝혔다. 창업가에게 일상은 현재 상태의 유지가 아닌, 활동하지 않으면 쇠퇴하는 특징을 갖고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 창업가에게 일상 경험이란 현재를 유지하기 위해 부단히 노력하여 추후 성장의 발판을 튼튼히 한다는 의미를 갖고 있다. 둘째, 창업가 교육에서 창업 경험을 제공할 필요성을 제기하였다. 이를 위해서 창업가 교육 프로그램에서 직간접적인 창업 경험의 제공, 린스타트업 기법을 활용한 창업가 교육 등이 제안되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate on the type and characteristics of entrepreneur’s ‘growth experience’, which lead the entrepreneur to a development of his/her personal aspect and organization as well. Such topic was explored by conducting in-depth interviews with 16 entrepreneurs who have more than 3 years of experience in working on his/her own enterprise. The results of this study were drawn as follows. First, the entrepreneur’s growth experience can be categorized into three parts: comfort zone experience, stretch zone experience, and panic zone experience. Comfort zone is the domain where the perceived risk is not so big, and entrepreneurs feel that he/she has control of the situation. Second, the characteristic of entrepreneur’s growth experience is ‘dialectical growth’. Dialectical growth means that entrepreneurs grow through the circulation process of thesis, anti-thesis, and synthesis. This study is significant in the following perspectives. First of all, entrepreneurs grow through both routine and critical experiences. For entrepreneurs, routine is not a status quo, but a shrinking condition. Therefore entrepreneurs should try their best to maintain their present circumstances which can consolidate the foundation for further growth. Second, it is suggested that entrepreneurial experience be offered in entrepreneurial education. For example, lecture by incumbent entrepreneurs can be included in education program, or ‘lean startup’ can be used to give students a direct entrepreneurial experience.
참고문헌 (50)
- 경기개발원구원, "창업 후 생존율의 변화", 정책브리프 자료. 2014. 11. 24, ~ (2014)
- 김도연, "개발잠재력이 있는 일터 경험의 유형과 특성에 관한 연구", HRD연구, 9(1), pp.123~144 (2007)
- 김병길, "J. Dewey의 경험 개념", 교육철학, 13, pp.31~49 (1995)
- 박한림, "창업가의 성장경험 연구", 석사, pp.2015
- 백재화, "재창업가의 창업실패와 대처 과정에 관한 근거 이론적 분석", 박사, 가정관리학과 소비자학전공, pp.2014
- 오현수, "상담전문가 발달과정에서의 좌절극복경험 분석", 상담학연구, 10(1), pp.109~124 (2009), 한국상담학회
- 이병승, "헤겔의 철학에 나타난 변증법적 교육단계 탐구", 교육사상연구, (18), pp.81~100 (2006), 한국교육사상연구회
- Aronson, J., "A pragmatic view of thematic analysis", The qualitative report, 2(1), pp.1~3 (1994)
- Blenker, P., "Hunting the entrepreneurial expertise : entrepreneurs in education", Handbook of Research in Entrepreneurship Education, 3, pp.43~54 (2010)
- Brown, M., "Comfort zone : Model or metaphor", Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 12(1), pp.3~12 (2008)
- Burgoyne, J. G., "Natural Learning and Managerial Action: A Phenomenological Study in the Field Setting", Journal of Management Studies, 20(3), pp.387~399 (1983)
- Cannon, M. D., "Confronting failure : antecedents and consequences of shared belief about failure in organizational work groups", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22, pp.161~177 (2001)
- Cardon, M., "When the going gets tough: Toward a psychology of entrepreneurial failure and re-motivation", Paper presented at the Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research Conference (1999)
- Cope, J., "The entrepreneurial experience: Towards a dynamic learning perspective of entrepreneurship", Ph.D., pp.2001
- Cope, J., "Entrepreneurial Learning and Critical Reflection : Discontinuous Events as Triggers for"Higher-level"Learning", Management Learning, 34(4), pp.429~450 (2003)
- Cope, J., "Toward a Dynamic Learning Perspective of Entrepreneurship", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(4), pp.373~397 (2005)
- Cope, J., "Entrepreneurial learning from failure : An interpretative phenomenological analysis", Journal of Business Venturing, 26(6), pp.604~623 (2011)
- Cope, J., "Learning by doing : an explo-ration of experience, critical incidents and reflection in entrepreneurial learning", International Journal of Entre-preneurial Behaviour and Research, 6, pp.104~124 (2000)
- Dalley, J., "Knowledge, context and learning in the small business", International Small Business Journal, 18(3), pp.51~59 (2000)
- Davis-Berman, J., "Risk and anxiety in adventure programming", Journal of Experiential Education, 25(2), pp.305~310 (2002)
- Daudelin, M. W., "Learning from experience through reflection", Organizational Dynamics, 24(3), pp.36~48 (1997)
- Deakins, D., "Entrepreneurship and Small Firms" (1996), McGraw-Hill
- Deakins, D., "Entrepreneurial learning and the growth process in SMEs", The Learning Organization, 5, pp.144~155 (1998)
- Dees, J. G., "Scaling social impact", Stanford social innovation review, 1(4), pp.24~33 (2004)
- Dewey, J., "Democracy and Education" (1916), The Macmillan
- Erikson, T., "Towards a taxonomy of entrepreneurial learning experiences among potential entrepreneurs", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 10, pp.106~112 (2003)
- Evans, C., "Lessons of exprerience: Developemental experiences of mid-level female adminstrators in higher education", Ph.D., pp.2000
- Gartner, W. B., "Who is an entrepreneur? Is the wrong question", American Journal of Small Business, 12(4), pp.11~32 (1988)
- Hines, T., "New Approaches to Understanding Small Firm Networks—The Key to Performance, Managerial Learning and Development", 18th ISBA National Small Firms Policy and Research Conference (1995)
- Kao, R. W., "Defining entrepreneurship : past, present and?", Creativity and Innovation Management, 2(1), pp.69~70 (1993)
- Kelley, L., "Family visitation on special care units", Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 25(2), pp.14~21 (1999)
- Kleiner, A., "Learning histories: A new tool for turning organizational experience into action (No.2)" (1997), MIT Center for Coordination Science
- Kolb, D. A., "Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development" (1984), Prentice-Hall
- Leberman, S., "Does pushing comfort zones produce peak learning experiences?", Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 7(1), pp.10~19 (2003)
- Luckner, J. L., "Processing the experience: Strategies to enhance and generalize learning" (1997), Kendall Hunt
- McCall, M. W., "The lessons of experience: How successful executives develop on the job" (1988), Free Press
- McClelland, D., "The achieving Society" (1961), Van Nostrand
- Merriam, "Qualitative research: a guide to design and implementation" (2009), Jossey-Bass
- Mezirow, J., "Transformative dimensions of adult learning" (1991), Jossey-Bass
- Minniti, M., "A dynamic model of entrepreneurial learning", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(3), pp.5~16 (2001)
- Padgett, D., "사회복지 질적연구 방법론" (2001), 나남
- Panicucci, J., "Adventure education: Theory and applications", pp.33~48 (2007)
- Politis, D., "Entrepreneurs’ attitudes towards failure : An experiential learning approach", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 15(4), pp.364~383 (2009)
- Rae, D., "Towards a conceptual understanding of entrepreneurial learning", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 8(2), pp.150~158 (2001)
- Reuber, A. R., "Understanding the consequences of founders’ experience", Journal of Small Business Management, 37(2), pp.30~45 (1999)
- Ries, E., "린스타트업: 지속적 혁신을 실현하는 창업의 과학" (2012), 인사이트
- Scott, M., "Five Stages of Growth in Small Business", Long Range Planning, 20(3), pp.45~52 (1987)
- Sitkin, S. B., "Learning through failure-The strategy of small losses", Research in organizational behavior, 14, pp.231~266 (1992)
- Snell, R., "Experiential learning at work: Why can’t it be painless?", Personnel Review, 21(4), pp.12~26 (1992)
- Van Velsor, E., "Gender Differences in the Development of Managers: How Women Managers Learn from Experience" (1990), Center for Creative Leadership
