벤처기업 창업자의 성공요인 분석을 통한 창업교육에 대한 시사점 탐색
A Study on the Success Factors of Venture Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship Education
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국내의 경기불황과 기업의 구조조정, 명예퇴직, 청년들의 취업난 등으로 인하여 창업시장의 경쟁이 치열해 졌으며, 이러한 경기불황은 창업을 생계유지를 위한 하나의 대안으로 부추기는 실정이다. 그러나 아무런 준비 없이 뛰어든 창업은 부도라는 결과를 초래하기도 한다. 성공적인 창업이 되기 위해서는 체계적인 지식과 기술이 필요하다. 창업자의 역량은 선천적인 것이 아니라 후천적으로 얻어지는 경우가 많다. 그러므로 본 연구는 성공한 벤처기업 창업자들의 성공요인을 분석하여 창업교육의 일환으로써 교육적 시사점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 벤처기업 창업자의 성공요인은 창업자의 특성을 통해서 총18개의 항목으로 도출하였으며, 창업자에게 요구되어지는 역량에 대한 교육적 시사점을 다음의 여섯 가지로 제시했다. 첫째, 창업자의 성취욕구적 특성과 목표지향적 특성은 창업교육의 요소로 활용가능하다. 둘째, 성취욕구적 특성은 창업 준비단계의 교육적 요소이며, 목표지향적 특성은 창업 후에 기업을 경영하기 위한 교육적 요소이다. 셋째, 창업자의 경험을 통한 학습은 매우 중요하므로 실무체험은 반드시 필요하다. 넷째, 창업교육은 젊은 층을 대상으로 하는 것이 효과적이다. 다섯째, 창업역량을 측정하여 예비창업자의 부족한 역량을 개발할 수 있는 교육적 지원이 필요하다. 마지막으로 창업교육자는 창업경험이 있는 사람이 현실적용 가능성을 고려하여 경험과 노하우를 전수해야한다.
Abstract
Domestic recessions, business restructurings, voluntary resignations and youth unemployment crises have fueled competition in the start-up market, and business start-up is increasingly incited as a means to make a living under circumstances. However, ill-prepared business start-ups result in bankruptcy. Profound knowledge and skills are required for successful start-up. A successful entrepreneur of a business is often not born but made. The purpose of this study was to examine the success factors of successful venture entrepreneurs in an effort to make some suggestions on entrepreneurship education. After the characteristics of the selected successful venture entrepreneurs were analyzed, 18 items were selected as their success factors, and the following six things were presented as what should be taken into account in relation to the competency of a successful entrepreneur: First, achievement-needs characteristics and goal-oriented characteristics that belong to the characteristics of entrepreneurs could be educationally taken advantage of in entrepreneurship education. Second, achievement-needs characteristics are an educational element of the preparatory stage, and goal-oriented characteristics are an educational element for business administration after starting a business. Third, hands-on experience is mandatory since learning by experience is quite important for entrepreneurs. Fourth, entrepreneurship education is more effective when it targets the younger generations. Fifth, the kind of educational support that is to assess the entrepreneurship of prospective entrepreneurs to help them improve their overall entrepreneurship is required. Finally, entrepreneurship education should be offered by a person with experience of setting up a business so that he or she could inform learners of their practical experience and knowhow.
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