‘-라도’의 의미론
Semantics of –lato.
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In this paper, we study a concessive scalar particle, -lato. in Korean. As a focus-sensitive particle, -lato is associated with a focused item and induces a scale that consists of the alternatives formed as the focus value. What is interesting about -lato lies in the following three characteristic properties it exhibits. First, it seems to be only associated with low scalar items. Second, it conveys a concessive meaning besides a scalar meaning. Third, when it co-occurs with modal expressions or used in an imperative sentence, it exhibits a so-called strengthening effect, which means that the predicate of a -lato phrase can be extensively applied to higher valued items. We aim to construct the meaning of -lato to provide an explanation for the characteristic properties based on its meaning, not stipulating any additional device. In a similar line with Crnic (2011a, b)，I suggest that -lato consist of two sentential operators, AT LEAST, which is responsible for concessiveness and scalarity, and EVEN, which conveys a scalar meaning. Different from Crnic (2011a, b), I suggest that AT LEAST takes a bouletic scale, not likeliness scale like EVEN and it requires a condition to exclude both the lowest and the highest item in the scale. It successfully explains the meaning of -lato, its restricted distribution, and interesting patterns that appear in various conditions.
Abstract
In this paper, we study a concessive scalar particle, -lato. in Korean. As a focus-sensitive particle, -lato is associated with a focused item and induces a scale that consists of the alternatives formed as the focus value. What is interesting about -lato lies in the following three characteristic properties it exhibits. First, it seems to be only associated with low scalar items. Second, it conveys a concessive meaning besides a scalar meaning. Third, when it co-occurs with modal expressions or used in an imperative sentence, it exhibits a so-called strengthening effect, which means that the predicate of a -lato phrase can be extensively applied to higher valued items. We aim to construct the meaning of -lato to provide an explanation for the characteristic properties based on its meaning, not stipulating any additional device. In a similar line with Crnic (2011a, b)，I suggest that -lato consist of two sentential operators, AT LEAST, which is responsible for concessiveness and scalarity, and EVEN, which conveys a scalar meaning. Different from Crnic (2011a, b), I suggest that AT LEAST takes a bouletic scale, not likeliness scale like EVEN and it requires a condition to exclude both the lowest and the highest item in the scale. It successfully explains the meaning of -lato, its restricted distribution, and interesting patterns that appear in various conditions.
참고문헌 (22)
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