규방가사에 나타난 ‘한탄’의 양상

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to define some aspects of 'Hantan' in such subcategories of Gyubang gasa as the Gyenyeogaryu, the Hwajeongaryu, the Nocheonyeogaryu, and the Tansikgaryu. The results are as follows: 1. Universality of ‘Hantan’ ‘Hantan’ is found in all the subcategories: 12 of the 13 passages in “Gyenyeoga” contains ‘Hantan’. 4 (passages 2, 13, 14, 15) of the 17 passages contains ‘Hantan’ in “Hwajeonga”. As for “Tansikga”, as its name implies, ‘Hantan’ is found everywhere. 2. Types of ‘Hantan’ The type of ‘Hantan’ in “Gyenyeoga” deals with the hardship of leading a married life in the home of the husband's parents and the mother's sad duty to part from her loving daughter. That in “Hwajeonga” deals with the women's relative sense of deprivation compared with the free life of their husbands. That in “Nocheonyeoga” deals with lamentations of unmarried old maids. In a word, the ‘Hantan’ in “Gyenyeoga” is that which arises from being born as a female. 3. Expansion of ‘Hantan’ The head of 11 passages of “Gyenyeoga” repeats words of lamentation, while passages 1, 2, and 14 of “Hwajeonga” contains and repeats words of lamentation. In “Nocheonyeoga”, 6 different types of lamentation are repeated or listed long. 4. Tragic quality of ‘Hantan’ The ‘Hantan’ in “Gyenyeoga” is tragic because women are fated to get married and are requested to keep moral rules in their society without any power to challenge its authority. The ‘Hantan’ in “Hwajeonga” is tragic because the women's relative sense of deprivation cannot be alleviated by any means. The ‘Hantan’ in “Nocheonyeoga” is less tragic because it is a comic description of the grief of unmarried old maids and her parents.