한국과 일본의 근대적 ‘문학’ 관념의 한 단면 -다카야마 조규와 이광수를 중심으로

Abstract

This study is examine the formation of modern literary theory, which was influenced by the literary discourses of Japan, focusing on Lee Kwangsoo, who first introduced theory on modern literature in Korea. In the early studies, it is common to see that the function of ‘emotion(情)’ as most important part in Lee Kwangsoo’s literary theory in 1910, 1916 has been influenced from Tsubouchi Shoyo(坪内逍遥). However, if you look at the process of change Lee Kwangsoo literary theory and the composition in Japanese literature history, you can easily see how unreasonable it is to compare Lee Kwangsoo and Tsubouchi Shoyo just through ‘emotion(情)’. This is because Lee Kwangsoo had a certain distance from aestheticians moving toward naturalism in Waseda university, Shimomura Hogetsu, Tsubouchi Shoyo. This study examines the possibility that Lee Kwangsoo’s literary theory was deeply influenced by Takayama Chogyu(高山樗牛). Hatano Setsuko has already mentioned the possibility that the early literary theory of Lee Kwangsoo’s may have been influenced by ‘principle of instinct satisfaction’ of Takayama Chogyu’s literary theory. In this paper, I think that Lee Kwangsoo’s literary theory has been deeply influenced by him, not only in the early literary theory. We can find such a basis on his rejection of ‘art for art’ and his settlement on the proposition of art for life Takayama Chogyu has been often misunderstood as a nationalist, because of his writing named “Japanism”, but he was a critic who occupied the most contradictory position of individualistic nationalism. He understood that the instinct-centered beauty in literature was derived from the action of ‘affection’ in emotion and the literature of the instinctual satisfaction has advanced to cover the nation-state through the mediation of the people’s affection. Lee Kwangsoo also restructures the position of ‘the literary man(文士)’ by referring to the criticism of ‘Writing is person(文は人なり)’ which was the title of book published by collecting his writings after Chogyu’s death. Lee Kwangsoo's literary practice process was not so different from the point of the ‘aesthetic life theory(美的生活論)’ proposed by Chogyu, namely, the point of individualist nationalism.