A Demonic Shipwreck: On Ernst Jünger’s Wartime Diaries
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The journals kept by Ernst Jünger during the Second World War have been described by Hannah Arendt as the most profound testimony of the “enormous difficulties” endured by the individual who is determined to “keep whole his idea of moral values” at a time when “truth and morality have lost the very possibility of being perceived and identified.” Jünger, who had gained renown in Germany as the most decorated soldier of the First World War, served as an officer with the German forces occupying Paris from 1941-45. His perspective on the events of the period is quite a compelling one as a German patriot who was hostile to Hitler and chronicled the atrocities committed by the Nazis during the war. Jünger is horrified by the inhuman attitudes that he encounters in everyday life among his fellow soldiers, which he regards as the consequence of the unleashing of demonic forces. He looks to the Bible, as well as to accounts of shipwrecks, to try to grasp the significance of the destructive energies that burn down entire cities and massacre civilian populations. Jünger’s efforts to grapple with the spiritual dimensions of the war constitute the record of a profound historical ordeal. The journals, which have been published in English half a century after they first appeared in Germany, hold an unsettling significance in the present. For they contain meditations that compel the reader to come to grips with the spiritual disorder that seeks to make sovereign madness and evil.
Abstract
The journals kept by Ernst Jünger during the Second World War have been described by Hannah Arendt as the most profound testimony of the “enormous difficulties” endured by the individual who is determined to “keep whole his idea of moral values” at a time when “truth and morality have lost the very possibility of being perceived and identified.” Jünger, who had gained renown in Germany as the most decorated soldier of the First World War, served as an officer with the German forces occupying Paris from 1941-45. His perspective on the events of the period is quite a compelling one as a German patriot who was hostile to Hitler and chronicled the atrocities committed by the Nazis during the war. Jünger is horrified by the inhuman attitudes that he encounters in everyday life among his fellow soldiers, which he regards as the consequence of the unleashing of demonic forces. He looks to the Bible, as well as to accounts of shipwrecks, to try to grasp the significance of the destructive energies that burn down entire cities and massacre civilian populations. Jünger’s efforts to grapple with the spiritual dimensions of the war constitute the record of a profound historical ordeal. The journals, which have been published in English half a century after they first appeared in Germany, hold an unsettling significance in the present. For they contain meditations that compel the reader to come to grips with the spiritual disorder that seeks to make sovereign madness and evil.
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