저출산 극복을 위한 한국·일본의 정책과 일자리창출

Abstract

Having fewer babies is not a problem only for Korea, but for the world as a whole including Japan. In 2017, total fertility rate stood at 1.05 in Korea and 1.43 in Japan. Thus, this paper looks into the policies of the two countries to address this issue. and offers a solution to the low birth rate for Korea by borrwing the idea of 'Family Support Center' system currently in practice in Japan. It is a policy to help find the so-called work-life balance for young women in childbearing age in Korea, with a view to building a stable environment for childcare by Korean parents. Meanwhile, job creation policy for Korean youth population, which is considered the root cause of the country's low birthrate, consists of job policy, start-up policy, competence development, and safety nets. However, Japan's employment policy targets different youth groups specifically, and tailors measures to each group from students to graduates, workers, and NEETs and match relevant agencies. It is expected that the combination of policies and cooperation among relevant agencies will stabilize youth employment. This paper also suggests Japan's local creation policy as an alternative. The policy is different from the Korean village companies and urban renewal New Deal projects, and is considered to be one way to overcome the low birth rate and create jobs that Korea faces to solve the balanced regional development.