配慮表現としてのテミルと아/어 보다 ─ 待遇表現としてのテ形補助動詞における間主観性 ─

Abstract

Not only Japanese and Korean, most of all language has visional verb as a polysemantic verb and these languages seems to have common tendency, like have a meaning of ‘trial’ by modal󰠏verbs󰠏like use. However, it acts like a politeness in Korean. Seeing te󰠏form auxiliaries in Japanese and Korean on a view of each politeness ways, and reconsider the constructions of Japanese and Korean politeness and intersubjectivity. The most remarkable difference is the way of expression the relationship of speaker and hearer. In Korean, revealing familiarity using subjective face of ‘boda’ can leads intersubjectivity, because of its strict and concrete politeness constructions, focuses on users´ social positions. However, in Japanese, it can not expand to this way because its fuzzy and easy󰠏changeable relationship depends on the situation. Much more, it has preferred expressions far to near, low to high degree of intimacy to express polite manners. Even though, these days some brand new stream for politeness with a view of the degree of intimacy in Japan, and more useful and easy understandable substitute for traditional complicate styles of politeness in Japanese. It focuses not formal politeness by making the distance of participants clear, but casual politeness by making it vague and sometimes shorten with focusing intersubjectivity and appeal the participants as a community. Not completed as moderate polite manners still now, but te󰠏form auxiliary verbs in Japanese will have taken a part of casual style of politeness as a softened way to focus familiarity and intersubjectivity in brand new speech styles near future.