日本の三つの領土問題における「固有の領土」用語の比較

Abstract

This study aims to examine three territorial issues facing Japan, centered on the term inherent territory. The main objective is to examine and compare how the term "inherent territory" has been used in each territorial issue, when and under what circumstances, and how its meaning has changed. The phrase "inherent territory" is commonly used in descriptions of the Northern Territories, Dokdo (Japanese name Takeshima), and the Sengaku Islands on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website under the heading "Situation surrounding Japan." The term "inherent" means something that a person has since birth, and it is not valid to apply it to the concept of nation and territory that emerged in modern times. Nevertheless, the Japanese government uses the concept of "inherent territory" and does not provide any explanation for this. Based on the sentence on the website, it can be interpreted that "inherent territory" means "never been part of another country" (Northern Territories), "under international law" (Dokdo), and "historically and under international law." None of these interpretations succeed in conveying the meaning of 'inherent.' The results of the review can be summarized as follows. "Inherent territoriality" is not an internationally recognized concept. It has been used at different times and was first used in diplomatic negotiations with the Soviet Union. The concept of "inherent territory" has been inconsistent and changing. Nevertheless, the Japanese government is trying to spread the concept of "inherent territory" through textbook screening and authorization.