사실, 방법, 질서 - 근대문학에서 과학적 인식의 전회

Abstract

This study aims to contemplate how modern literature has dealt with ‘facts’, and where the critical points of scientific cognition have been placed in modern literature, by considering some transitional moments of the concept of scientific cognition. So as to grasp those moments, I analyze texts of marxist and modernist critics who have insisted on the necessity of scientific cognition for literature. Marxists have insisted on the class determination of art and literature from the social scientific and scientific socialistic perspective, but for whom the scientific cognition should be obtained prior to literature, in at least the early years of the Anti-Conventional stage. However, by KIM Ki-Jin's discourses on realism and successive controversies over realism in KAPF, the concept of scientific cognition could gained entry into literature contained with paradoxes and limits For modernists, the scientific cognition has been regarded that could be gained only objective approaching the facts. By stick to this perspective, for example, CHOI Jae-Seo has lost sight of device-ness of dispositif which could made one to face the object as ‘the fact’, and KIM Ki-Rim attempt to find scientificity from the way which transit the subjective to the objective through ‘the transparent intelligent leap’. Meanwhile, following the outbreak of the second Sino-Japanese War, the scientific cognition has been transformed into context of techno- instrumental meaning under the situation of the subject-object separation and the loss of cognitive sovereignty. From the schematic view, the position and characteristic of science in the colonial korean modern literature, have been transformed from ‘the scientific view of the world’ to ‘the scientific method’, and to ‘the technical understand’. But the science which has been understood the method for ‘the grasp of the totality’, has contained the drive for utopia with the desire to cross the boundaries of the irreducible and incommensurable, to overcome the fragmented and alienated, and to break from the colonial conditions.