近畿南人 學統의 展開와 星湖學의 形成

Abstract

This paper is written to examine the forming process of the study of Seongho who is recognized as the representing scholar of Geungi Silhak(近畿實學) or of Geungi Nam-in(近畿南人) and the meaning of Seongho within the academic lineage of Nam-in(南人). Thus, this paper begins with summarizing the debate topics about the concept of Geungi Silhak; discusses the forming process of the study of Seongho representing Geungi Silhak and the matters found in the process; and then organizes the meanings of the development of the academic lineage of Geungi Nam-in. It is believed that the widely known academic lineage of Geungi Nam-in from Toegye Lee Hwang - Hangang Jeong Gu - Misu Heo Mok to Seongho Lee Ik was confirmed by Beonam Chae Jegong. It seems that Beonam praised Misu in order to clarify the political tendency and lineage for the viability of Geungi Nam-in, and that he confirmed the academic lineage of Geungi Nam-in from Toegye to Seongho in order to solidify the academic legitimacy of his own lineage. It is understood that Beonam’s such actions was more or less influenced by the political and academic situations he was facing. With such understandings, it can be said that Geungi Nam-im’s academic lineage from Toegye to Seongho more strongly implied the political situations Geungi Nam-in members were facing at the time and their will to overcome them than the academically influential relationship itself. The political influences in Geungi Namin’s academic lineage are found in the process of the academic succession after Seongho. Even though it is generally known that the Seongho’s academic lineage ran through Sonam Yoon Donggyu⋅Sunam Ahn Jeongbok⋅Habin Shin Hudam to Haryeo Hwang Deokgil and Seongjae Heo Jeon, that lineage excludes the other two lineages of Seongho school. In the excluded two lineages, Rog-am Gweon Cheolshin’s lineage is one, and the other ran through Jeongsan Lee Byeonghyu to descendents in the family. Although Seongho school can be sorted into the three lineages as such, the lineage which was recognized as the direct heir is Sunam Ahn Jeongbok’s lineage. It seems that the recognition of Sunam’s lineage as the direct heir was also influenced by political dynamic relationship as mentioned above. It is because Rog-am Gweon Cheolshin’s lineage and that of Jeongsan Lee Byeonghyu were later politically suppressed as both of those lineages’s descendents accepted ‘Seohak(Christianity)’. Therefore, if Rog-am Gweon Cheolshin’s lineage and that of Jeongsan Lee Byeonghyu had been given the school’s academic legitimacy, the entire Seongho school or the entire Geungi Nam-in could have been driven into severe political suppression. Indeed, it can be said that the currently known academic lineage of Geungi Nam-in was more likely for the very political attempt for strengthening Cheongnam lineage’s political position than for the real academic succession. It can be analogized that this political lineage was confirmed as it was related with ‘Tangpyeong-jeongguk(蕩平政局)’ during the reigns of Yeongjo and Jeongjo, and as Geungi Nam-in members of the time attempted to clarify their political position through their political, academical and philosophical legitimacy. However, when the values and meanings of such confirmation of academic lineage at the time are considered, it is thought that the formation of such academic lineage contained not only the political intentions but also the collective wish and will of Geungi Nam-in members of the time.