김기림의 초현실주의론과 모더니즘 연구 I

Abstract

This study took notice of the influence of surrealism in the basis of the perceptive attitude of Kim Kirim's modernism poetics in the 1930s. The existing studies of Kim Kirim's surrealism are not as active as others, yet this study discusses that surrealism played an important role in establishing Kim Kirim's modern poetics. Therefore, in understanding Korean modernism poetics and texts of the early 1930s, I was able to reconsider the significance of surrealism beyond English/American modernism in literary history. Kim Kirim accepted the social resilience of surrealism and made criticism against reality to take root in the center of modernism poetics. Kim Kirim had a wide understanding of the European historical, and art historical circumstances that gave birth to surrealism, and also faced the unique acceptance of Japanese literary circles. While he was studying in Japan in mid 1920s, he was able to study Western surrealism almost in the same period with the Japanese surrealists. This allowed him to have a deep and wide understanding of surrealism while adhering to the critical views on the purification tendencies of Japanese surrealism of those days. He wanted to actively accept the social and the epochal significance of surrealism into Korean modernism poetics. This is clearly a different literary historical point from English/American modernism, Japanese poetic circles' surrealism, or the perceptive tendencies. First, by accepting the mechanism of ordering the world of the unconscious of surrealism into the techniques of poetry and the process of language, and by expanding perceptive tendencies that creates orders, and overcoming appreciation, I tried to make readers understand in the principle of modern poetry. At the same time, since the task of creating a new order is creating a new stance and order, I emphasized that the positive interests of reality and criticism of culture should lie within the perceptive attitude. Through deep understanding of surrealism, Kim Kirim found perceptive attitude that was the basis for modernism poetics of the early 1930s, and tried to include language, reality, and its times into modernism poetic's methodology, ‘poesie’. In this sense, Kim Kirim's modernism literary theory of early 1930s was able to guarantee certain historicity.