김정은 시대 산림정책의 특징

Abstract

North Korea has named greening as ‘War with Nature’ and greening project as ‘War on Deforestation.’ War on Deforestation has been chosen as a key project of economic power and soft power which are two of three National Strategic Objectives of Kim Jong-Un era in which the other one is political and military power. As part of this project, establishment of economic forest, prevention of disasters, and development of scenic area are being highlighted. Connecting War on Deforestation to National Strategic Objectives might have intension to maximize its significance and mobilize the public in country level. War on Deforestation is an effective way for the people to draw a new blueprint on strong and wealthy nation which differs from Kim Jong-Il era. Greening will contradict the image of two eras in a fact that the bare mountains are the major outcome of Arduous March in 1990s, and the people will look forward to change brought by greening. The schema 'Bare mountain (Arduous March/past)'→’Reforestation (War on Deforestation/present)'→'Gold Mountain (Powerful Socialist Country/future)' presents hopeful association between the change of bare mountain and opening of the strong nation. Especially, Kim Jong-Il Patriotism discussed in the discourse of foundation of powerful country is directly connected to the forest sector in the context. In the basis of Kim Jong-Il Patriotism, this context is being applied to the forest sector in various ways, by considering War on deforestation as patriotic activity for the future generation, green forest as measure for patriotism, and person who plants trees as real patriot. In 2015, North Korea started to put an action to War on Deforestation in earnest. It is noticeable that forest-related project systems have been built in nationwide with 10-year deadline. Central Command Group of War on Deforestation organized systems for reforestation project in states, provinces, and cities, and fostered tree nurseries in each area. In addition, several national systems including National Forest Resources Information and Management System and National Forest Fire Monitoring Information Service were developed. Forest rehabilitation in North Korea is for socialist competition campaign, and it is being progressed in various forms such as ‘performance-business’, ‘taking the lead’, ‘learning-along’, and ‘exchange of experience’. The purpose of policies on forestry in Kim Jong-Un Era is not on restoration into its original state, but rather on remodeling. In the context of remodeling, it is important to emphasize not only the economical function of forest but also its eco-environmental function, and implement agroforestry management. In line with self-reliance ideology, there is an attempt to synthesize research on forestry scientific technology with socialist competition campaign to disseminate and popularize the technology. This shows that scientific technology, the keyword of Kim Jong-un era, is being highlighted also in forest sector.