중국의 집단시위 대응전략 연구 : 중앙 개입 여부에 따른 사례를 중심으로
The Mode of Response to Collective Protests in China : Case study Research
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참고문헌
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초록
이 연구는 중국 정부가 급증하는 집단시위에 어떻게 대응하는지에 대한 의문으로 시작하였다. 중국 지도부는 종교문제, 민족 문제를 포괄하는 체제 위협적인 시위에 강경하게 대응한다. 반면, 개인과 연관된 집단의 불만으로 파생된 민생 시위는 강경-온건 대응을 혼용 한다. 이러한 집단시위 성격에 따른 접근 방식을 기준으로 현재 중국의 집단시위 대응전략은 강제대응, 중앙정부 개입 전 지방정부 양보, 중앙정부 개입 후 지방정부 양보종용의 3가지로 집약된다. 이에 해당하는 대표사례로 다칭 시위, 통화철강 시위, 한위안 시위를 각각 선정하였다. 이를 기반으로 중국 지도부가 실제 어떤 기준으로 집단시위 대응방식을 결정하는지 규명해보고, 중앙정부의 시위 개입 여부가 시위 대응전략에 어떤 영향을 주는지 분석해보았다.
Abstract
This study began with a question about how the Chinese authorities respond to collective protests that are rapidly expanding. The Chinese leadership uses a coercive strategy against protests that threaten the regimes encompassing religious and ethnic issues. On the other hand, the leadership uses a mixture of coercive-moderate strategy against public protests led by a disgruntled group against particular individuals. Based on such approach that depends on the nature of each protest, the current strategy against collective protests in China is summarized as the following three types: coercive strategy; concession of a local government before intervention of state government; coaxing a local government into a concession after intervention of state government. As examples that represent those types, Daqing protests, Tonghua Iron and Steel Group riot, and Hanyuan Incident were selected. Based on such examples, how Chinese leadership determines its strategy against collective protests and the effect of state government's intervention on the strategy against protests will be explored.
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