초등영재 성별에 따른 도형추론지능검사의 차별기능문항과 오류유형 분석
Analysis of gender differences in differential item functioning and error types on the Advanced Progressive Matrices
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초록
APM은 영재판별을 위해 제작된 성차가 없는 도형추론지능검사로 알려져 있지만 국내 초등영재를 대상으로 성별에 따른 특성이 연구된 바는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 121명의 교육청 영재에게 APM을 실시한 후 남녀 수행 수준의 차이를 비교하고 문항반응이론모형 중 하나인 Rasch 모형을 이용하여 남녀 간에 차별적으로 기능하는 문항을 분석하였으며, 반복측정 변량분석을 적용하여 성별에 따른 오류유형을 분석함으로써 APM의 타당도를 높이고 초등영재의 지적 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 통계적으로 유의미한 남녀간의 수행차는 나타나지 않았으나 24번 문항의 경우 여학생 영재가 남학생 영재보다 응답하기 쉬운 문항으로 26번 문항은 남학생 영재가 여학생 영재보다 응답하기 쉬운 문항인 것으로 나타났다. APM에 나타난 영재들의 오류유형을 분석한 결과 성별에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았으나 영재들은 불완전 상관 오류유형을 가장 많이 적용하였으며 잘못된 원리 적용은 가장 적게 사용하는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The Advanced Progressive Matrices(APM) constructed for those of higher intellectual ability has been known for the culture and gender reduced test. But the studies focusing on whether or not gifted males and gifted females differ on average and error types in the APM were rare. This study examined gender differences in differential item functioning and error types on the APM. Data were complied from the 121 elementary gifted children. The difference on the number of correct responses on the APM given males and females did not reach statistical significance but 2 items that function differently according to gender were detected. Gender differences in types of errors on the APM were not found. Scores on each error type were determined for each participant individually and reflected deviation from selecting an error type by chance alone. Gifted children madeIncomplete Correlatetype more often than any other type of error. All the findings in this study suggest that APM can be used as an gender-fair intelligence test.
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