동북아 관문도시의 공간적 특성-요코하마를 중심으로-

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to study the various spatial characteristics of gateway city of Northeast Asia after containerization, focusing on case of Yokohama, Japan's representative gateway city. Since ancient times, ports have served as a gateway, that is, a place where people, goods, and information gather. In particular, an island country Japan has a history of urban development centered on ports. However, since containerization in the 1970s, container cargo handling at major Japanese ports has decreased relatively compared to the global trend, leading to a decline in international competitiveness of Japanese ports. Eventually, the gateway function of the long-standing Japanese port declined, and as a result, Japan sought a new search for the sustainable development of the port. Such an example is the change in Japan's port policy after containerization. Policies aimed at responding to containerization progress from the late 1960s to the early 1980s, promoting environmental preservation and waterfront space formation from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, and strengthening international competitiveness from the mid-1990s to the latest are being implemented. And with these policies, various spaces have been created in addition to spaces with unique port functions. As a result, Yokohama formed production and distribution spaces harbor port district, a complex space MinatoMirai21 and a multicultural space Chinatown. Through these spatial characteristics, it can be seen that since spaces with qualitative functions are complexly formed in addition to spaces with port functions, port space and urban space are not separated and coexist with each other. Therefore, in order for gateway city formed around the port to continue to develop, growth is necessary through coexistence, not disconnection of port space and urban space, and qualitative growth as well as quantitative growth is necessary.