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국제회계기준 도입 이후 재무분석가의 허딩행태 변화 연구

The Changes of Analysts’ Herding Behavior after Mandatory IFRS Adoption

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 2011년 국제회계기준의 의무도입 이후 개별 재무분석가들이 재무제표를 해석함에 있어서 동료 재무분석가의 의견을 따르는 허딩행태가 변화하는지를 분석하고, 이러한 개별 재무분석가들의 행태가 이익예측정확도를 높이는데 기여하는지를 검증하였다. 개별 재무분석가별 허딩여부는 특정 기업을 분석하는 개별 재무분석가가 동료 재무분석가들의 예측합의치 정보에 동조하는 예측치로 수정한 정도를 나타내는 방법으로 측정하였다(Clement and Tse, 2005). 연구 결과 국제회계기준 도입 이후 개별 재무분석가들은 동료 재무분석가의 의견에 동조하는 허딩행태는 감소하였으나, 발생액의 질로 측정한 이익의 질이 높은 기업의 경우 허딩행태는 증가하였다. 즉 국제회계기준 도입 이후 회계정보의 양이 증가하고 연결회계기준과 공정가치 평가의 허용으로 경영자의 재량적인 판단이 증가함에 따라, 개별 재무분석가들은 회계정보를 해석하는 과정에서 사적 정보를 사용하게 되고, 동료 재무분석가들과 차별화되는 예측치를 발표하는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러나 이익의 질이 높은 기업의 경우 개별 재무분석가들은 사적 정보보다 기업이 제공하는 공적 정보를 해석하는 과정에서 동료 재무분석가의 의견을 따르는 허딩행태가 증가한 것으로 보인다. 국제회계기준 도입이후 개별 재무분석가들이 동료 재무분석가의 예측치와 차별화되는 예측치를 발표하는 행태는 재무분석가의 차기 이익예측 정확도를 높이는데 기여하지 못하였으나 이익의 질이 높은 기업의 경우 개별재무분석가들의 허딩행태가 증가하면서 차기 이익예측정확도를 높이는데 기여하였다. 본 논문은 국제회계기준 도입 이후 기업이 제공하는 회계정보의 양과 질은 개별 재무분석가의 허딩행태에 영향을 주며, 이러한 재무분석가의 허딩행태 선택이 유용한 결정이었음을 이익예측정확도를 통해 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Abstract

In this study, I examine if analysts’ herding behavior has changed after mandatory IFRS adoption in Korea. I also examine if the change affects on analysts' forecast accuracy. Analysts tend to make forecasts close to consensus of other analysts when they are not certain about their earnings forecasts and try to hide their incompetent forecasting ability. My results show that after mandatory IFRS adoption the analysts’ herding behavior has decreased, however, as for the firms which have high earnings quality, the analysts’ herding behavior has increased. I also show that, as earnings quality is high, analysts' herding behavior contributes to increase analysts' forecast accuracy after mandatory IFRS adoption. My results have implication for analysts who do not follow their peer analysts while seeking more idiosyncratic information in response to investors' demands under a uncertain information environments since they are less worried for their uncertain forecasts after IFRS adoption. My results show that these analysts' herding behavior does help to increase analysts' forecast accuracy when earnings quality is relatively high. Therefore, it is important for analysts to consider earnings quality before they try to follow their peer analysts’ earnings forecasts after mandatory IFRS adoption

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