알몸으로 빠져나간 청년과 영혼의 여행(막 14:51-52)
The Escape of a Naked Young Man and the Journey of Soul (Mark 14:51-52)
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이 연구는 마가복음 14장 51-52절에 등장하는 흰 아마포를 벗어두고 알몸으로 빠져나간 한 청년의 이야기를 고대영지주의 사상에서 강조하는 ‘영혼의 여행’으로 해석하여, 이 청년이야말로 마가복음에 등장하는 이름 없는 제자들처럼 예수의 사역을 이해하고 신앙을 지킨 사람임을 주장한다. 이를 위해서 필자는 먼저 흰 아마포 옷을 두른 청년의 정체에 대해서 지금까지 학자들이 중요하게 논의한 것들을 비판적으로 고찰한 후, 이 청년이 두르고 있었던 흰 아마포(신돈,σινδών)에 주목한다. 마가가 헬라어 히마티온(ἱμάτιον) 대신에 신돈을 사용한 이유는 이 청년이 물질적으로 부자가 아니라, 그의 본성(믿음)이 고귀하다(강하다는)는 사실을 나타내고 싶었기 때문이다. 또한 겉옷은 기본적으로 그것을 입는 사람의 존재와 상태를 나타내 준다. 예를 들면, 요한복음 13장 4절은 겉옷을 벗는 것이 예수의 죽음을 상징하며, 영지주의 문서들에서는 몸은 영혼의 겉옷으로 묘사된다. 마가에서는 ‘영혼의 여행’의 근거가 되는 영혼과 육체의 분리라는 이원론은 예수의 가르침에서 중요하게 나타난다(4:1-20; 8:30-38) 이런 관점에서 알몸으로 빠져나간 청년이야말로 자기를 부인하고 자신의 십자가를 지고 따르라는 예수의 명령을 온전히 수행한 참된 제자임을 보여준다(8:34-35).
Abstract
This study interprets the story of a naked young man in Mark 14:51-52 in the perspective of the journey of soul of ancient gnostic ideas. I argue that like unnamed disciples in Mark, this young man truly understands Jesus and his ministry. I critically review other scholars’arguments on the identity of this young man. Although they present him as (1) Mark, (2) a rich man (Mk 10:17-25), (3) a repented follower, (4) an angel, and (5) symbol of Jesus, they do not demonstrate persuasive solution. By focusing the white linen cloth (σινδών) of the young man, I pursue Mark’s intention of this story. First, I discuss that sindon is not a bedsheet, but an outer garment. Through sindon, the author of Mark intends to show that the young man possesses dignity and good faith because the expensive cloth signifies the dignity of a person. The general term of a garment in Greek is himation ,which appears various meanings in the New Testament. In John 13:4, to take of Jesus’garment can be “a miming of death,” and in gnostic documents, a body signifies the garment of soul. In addition, the perfect Lord often appears naked. The Second Corinthians 5:1-4 shows the body and soul dualism, though it states ‘tent’(skenos) instead of a garment. Because the teaching of Jesus focuses this body and soul dualism, in particular, the first Gospel, Mark, contains a lot of traits of it. For instance, the parable of sower and Jesus’ remarks (Mk 8:36) reveal the important aspect of soul. In Mark 8:30-38, although Jesus declares that he goes to Jerusalem to die, his important disciples do not understand it. Among them, because Peter openly rejects Jesus’intention to die, he is rebuked that he is thinking of the work of man. Jesus wants to teach them to understand the new value of worldview that confronts death and life in different directions. In this regard, it is the naked young man who understands Jesus and his ministry. When other disciples fled, he alone followed Jesus and was killed. His naked body stands for his soul and his garment his physical body. Like many unnamed followers, this young man observes Jesus’teachings on true discipleship (8:34-35) and die with Jesus.
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