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이슈 및 정치인 평가에서 젠더 격차 분석 : 21대 총선을 중심으로

Gender Gap Analysis in the Evaluation of Issues and Politicians : The Case of the 21st General Election

강주현
한국정치사회연구소 (Korea Institute of Politics and Society)|2024.06|한국과 국제사회 (Korea and Global Affairs)|제8권 제3호|pp. 5-42|DOI 10.22718/kga.2024.8.3.001

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참고문헌

키워드

선거젠더GenderPolitics정치인Election이슈Gender Gap젠더 격차Issue
주제분류학제간연구

초록

본 연구는 21대 총선 당시 이슈 및 정치인 평가에 있어 젠더 격차가 존재했는지 여부와 우리나라 여성 유권자가 서구 국가의 여성 유권자와 같이 현대적 젠더 격차를 나타냈는지 아니면 전통적 젠더 격차에 머물고 있는지를 분석했다. 분석 결과 이슈 평가는 현대적 젠더 격차와 전통적 젠더 격차가 혼재하는 양상을 보였다. 국가보안법과 집회/시위 자유 이슈에서는 여성 유권자가 남성 유권자보다 보수적 선호를 보여 전통적 젠더 격차를 보였지만 여성할당제, 한미동맹, 교육 평준화 이슈에서는 여성 유권자가 남성 유권자보다 진보적 성향을 보이며 현대적 젠더 격차를 드러냈다. 반면 정치인 평가에서는 우리나라 여성 유권자의 현대적 젠더 격차가 보다 선명하게 확인되었다. 당시 선거에서 여성 유권자는 남성 유권자와 비교해 진보적 성향의 정치인에게 호감을 나타냈을 뿐만 아니라 진보적인 정치인 중 여성 유권자와 젠더가 동일한 여성 정치인에게 더 호감을 나타냈다.

Abstract

This study analyzed whether there was a gender gap in issues and politician evaluation during the 21st general election, and whether Korean female voters, like female voters in Western countries, show a modern gender gap that represents progressive preferences in issues and politicians' evaluation or remain in the traditional gender gap. As a result of the analysis, the issue evaluation showed a mixture of modern and traditional gender gaps. In the National Security Law and the issue of freedom of assembly/protest, female voters showed conservative preference over male voters, showing traditional gender gaps, but in the women's quota system, the Korea-U.S. alliance, and education equalization, female voters showed more progressive tendencies than male voters, revealing modern gender gaps. On the other hand, the modern gender gap was clearly confirmed in the evaluation of politicians. In the election, female voters in Korea not only showed favorable feelings for progressive politicians compared to male voters, but also showed more favorable feelings for female politicians among progressive politicians.

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