본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

중소기업에 대한 정부 R&D 지원 정책의 효과

The Effects of Government R&D Supports on the Performance of Korean SMEs

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구는 중소기업기술통계조사를 이용하여 정부의 중소기업에 대한 R&D 지원 정책의 효과를 분석하였다. 정부 지원을 직접적인 R&D 자금지원과 간접적 지원(세제, 판로, 인력, 정보)으로 구분하고, 이 두 가지 지원의 조합별로 정책 시행 전후 성과를 비교 분석하였다. 정책효과를 측정하기 위해 PSM-DID를 사용하였으며, R&D 투입, 특허, 지식재산권, 매출, 고용을 성과변수로 하였다. 실증분석 결과 정부의 중소기업 지원 정책은 R&D 투입, 특허, 지식재산권에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 직접적 R&D 자금지원만을 받은 경우는 R&D 투입, 특허, 지식재산권에 긍정적인 영향이 나타났고, 간접적 지원만 받은 경우는 어떠한 성과변수에도 유의한 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 직접적 R&D 자금지원과 간접적 지원을 동시에 받은 경우는 모든 성과변수에 긍정적인 영향이 나타났으며 증가율 또한 비교적 컸다. 기업의 최종 성과인 매출과 사회적인 성과인 고용은 직접적 R&D 자금지원과 간접적 지원을 동시에 받은 경우에만 유의한 긍정적 영향이 나타났다.

Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of the government’s R&D support policy instruments for SMEs using the Korean SME technical statistics survey. Government R&D support was categorized as direct funding and indirect support (tax, sales channels, human resources, information), and performance before and after policy implementation was compared and analyzed by a combination of these two supports. The PSM-DID method was used to measure the effects of Government Policy. R&D input, patent, intellectual property rights, sales, and employment were used as dependent variables. Empirical results show the government policy to support SMEs had a positive effect on R&D input, patents, and intellectual property rights. In the case of receiving only direct funding, there was a positive effect on R&D input, patents, and intellectual property rights, and in the case of receiving only indirect support, there was no significant effect on any performance variables. Receiving direct and indirect support at the same time had a positive effect on all performance variables, and the rate of increase was also relatively large. Sales, which are the final performance of the company, and employment, which is a social performance, had a significant positive effect only when direct funding and indirect support were received at the same time.

참고문헌 (57)

  1. 곽민수, "투입부가성과 행동부가성이 산출부가성에 미치는 영향 : 연구개발특구 입주기업의 정부R&D보조금조절효과를 중심으로", 기술혁신학회지, 21(4), pp.1313~1344 (2018), 한국기술혁신학회
  2. 김주일, "직접지원 vs 간접지원: 중소기업 R&D투자 촉진을 위한 정책조합 모색", 기술혁신연구, 27(1), pp.1~43 (2019), 기술경영경제학회[DOI]
  3. 김호, "정부보조금의 민간R&D투자에 대한 관계: 계량경제학적 문헌에 대한 메타회귀분석", 기술혁신연구, 19(3), pp.141~174 (2011), 기술경영경제학회
  4. 김호, "정부보조금의 민간연구개발투자에 대한 효과분석", 기술혁신학회지, 15(3), pp.649~674 (2012), 한국기술혁신학회
  5. 박성민, "기업역량을 고려한 외생고정변수를 갖는 IT 중소기업 정부자금지원정책 성과평가를 위한 DEA 모형 및 활용절차", 한국통신학회논문지B, 33(5), pp.364~378 (2008), 한국통신학회
  6. 손호성, "행정학・정책학 연구에서의 이중차분 추정기법의 활용과 쟁점", 현대사회와 행정, 28(3), pp.1~31 (2018), 한국국정관리학회[DOI]
  7. 신진교, "중소기업의 R&D와 혁신 - 정부정책지원의 조절효과 -", 기업경영연구, 15(1), pp.119~132 (2008), 한국기업경영학회
  8. 신현우, "기술혁신 장애요인이 지원제도 활용에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구", 기술혁신연구, 17(2), pp.81~108 (2009), 기술경영경제학회
  9. 안준모, "정부의 기술혁신 재정지원 정책효과에 대한 체계적 문헌연구", 기술혁신연구, 30(1), pp.57~88 (2022), 기술경영경제학회[DOI]
  10. 윤효진, "중소기업의 연구개발 및 기술혁신 역량과 기술혁신 지원제도가 기업성과에 미치는 영향", 한국혁신학회지, 13(2), pp.209~239 (2018), 한국혁신학회[DOI]
  11. 이후성, "정부 R&D지원 유형에 따른 중소기업 기술적 성과 분석", 기술혁신학회지, 18(1), pp.73~97 (2015), 한국기술혁신학회
  12. 전승표, "중소기업 R&D 정보 지원과 성과의 관계에 대한 연구: ICT 기업을 중심으로", 기술혁신학회지, 19(1), pp.48~79 (2016), 한국기술혁신학회
  13. 연구개발활동조사, "한국과학기술기획평가원", 과학기술정보통신부, ~ (2021)
  14. Aerts, K., "Two for the price of one? : Additionality effects of R&D subsidies : A comparison between Flanders and Germany", Research Policy, 37(5), pp.806~822 (2008)
  15. Arrow, K. J., "Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention, The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors", pp.609~626 (1962), Princeton University Press
  16. Arslan-Ayaydin, O., "How is Moral Hazard Related to Financing R&D and Innovations?", European Research Studies Journal, 17, pp.111~131 (1996)
  17. Austin, P. C., "Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples", Statistics in medicine, 28(25), pp.3083~3107 (2009)
  18. Benoit K., "Linear regression models with logarithmic transformations", London School of Economics, 22(1), pp.23~36 (2011)
  19. Bentzen, J., "An empirical analysis of R&D expenditure in the Nordic countries" (1999), Analyseinstitut for Forskning
  20. Bianchi, M., "R&D subsidies as dual signals in technological collaborations", Research Policy, 48(9) (2019)
  21. Brookhart, M. A., "Variable selection for propensity score models", American journal of epidemiology, 163(12), pp.1149~1156 (2006)
  22. Caliendo, M., "Some practical guidance for the implementation of propensity score matching", Journal of economic surveys, 22(1), pp.31~72 (2008)
  23. Clarysse, B., "Behavioural additionality of R&D subsidies : A learning perspective", Research policy, 38(10), pp.1517~1533 (2009)
  24. Cunningham, P., "The impact of direct support to R&D and innovation in firms", Handbook of innovation policy impact, 54 (2013)
  25. David, P. A., "Is public R&D a complement or substitute for private R&D? A review of the econometric evidence", Research policy, 29(4-5), pp.497~529 (2000)
  26. Dimos, Christos, "The effectiveness of R&D subsidies : A meta-regression analysis of the evaluation literature", Research Policy, 45(4), pp.797~815 (2016)
  27. Garcia-Quevedo, J., "Do public subsidies complement business R&D? A meta analysis of the econometric evidence", Kyklos, 57(1), pp.87~102 (2004)
  28. Gonzalez, X., "Do public subsidies stimulate private R&D spending?", Research Policy, 37(3), pp.371~389 (2008)
  29. Goodman-Bacon, A., "Difference-in-differences with variation in treatment timing", Journal of Econometrics, 225(2), pp.254~277 (2021)
  30. Guellec, D., "The impact of public R&D expenditure on business R&D", Economics of innovation and new technology, 12(3), pp.225~243 (2003)
  31. Heckman, J. J., "Matching as an econometric evaluation estimator : Evidence from evaluating a job training programme", The review of economic studies, 64(4), pp.605~654 (1997)
  32. Instefjord. N., "Investment management", Economics, Management, Finance and the Social Sciences, pp.2016
  33. Jin, Z., "The Impact of Government Subsidies on Private R&D and Firm Performance: Does Ownership Matter in China’s Manufacturing Industry?", Sustainability, 10(7), pp.2205~ (2018)
  34. Kauko, K., "Effectiveness of R&D subsidies-a sceptical note on the empirical literature", Research Policy, 25(3), pp.321~323 (1996)
  35. Klette, T. J., "R&D investment responses to R&D subsidies: A theoretical analysis and a microeconometric study", World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 9(2-4), pp.169~203 (2012)
  36. Koga, T., "R&D subsidy and self-financed R&D : the case of Japanese high-technology start-ups", Small Business Economics, 24(1), pp.53~62 (2005)
  37. Lach, S., "Do R&D subsidies stimulate or displace private R&D? Evidence from Israel", The journal of industrial economics, 50(4), pp.369~390 (2002)
  38. Lanahan, L., "Do public R&D subsidies produce jobs? Evidence from the SBIR", STTR program, 2021, pp.50(7), ~
  39. Levy, D. M., "Effects of government R&D on private R&D investment and productivity: a macroeconomic analysis", Bell Journal of Economics, 14(2), pp.551~561 (1983)
  40. Li, G, "Environmental non-governmental organizations and urban environmental governance: Evidence from China", Journal of environmental management, 206, pp.1296~1307 (2018)
  41. Liu, M., "The influences of government subsidies on performance of new energy firms: A firm heterogeneity perspective", Sustainability, 11(17) (2019)
  42. Mansfield, E., "Effects of federal support on company-financed R and D : the case of energy", Management Science, 30(5), pp.562~571 (1984)
  43. Marino, M., "Additionality or crowding-out? An overall evaluation of public R&D subsidy on private R&D expenditure", Research Policy, 45(9), pp.1715~1730 (2016)
  44. Meuleman, M., "Do R&D subsidies affect SMEs’ access to external financing?", Research Policy, 41(3), pp.580~591 (2012)
  45. Meyer, B. D., "Natural and quasi-experiments in economics", Journal of business & economic statistics, 13(2), pp.151~161 (1995)
  46. Mulier, K., "Sector heterogeneity and dynamic effects of innovation subsidies: Evidence from Horizon 2020", Research Policy, 50(10) (2021)
  47. Neicu, D., "Dipping in the Policy Mix : Do R&D Subsidies Foster Behavioral Additionality Effects of R&D Tax Credits?", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 25(3), pp.218~239 (2016)
  48. Nelson, R. R., "The simple economics of basic scientific research", Journal of political economy, 67(3), pp.297~306 (1959)
  49. Pegkas, P., "Does research and development expenditure impact innovation? Evidence from the European Union countries", Journal of Policy Modeling, 41(5), pp.1005~1025 (2019)
  50. Rosenbaum, P. R., "The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects", Biometrika, 70(1), pp.41~55 (1983)
  51. Polt, W., "Trying to capture additionality in Framework Programme 5—main finding", Science and Public Policy, 32(5), pp.367~373 (2005)
  52. Shin, K., "Government R&D Subsidy and Additionality of Biotechnology Firms : The Case of the South Korean Biotechnology Industry", Sustainability, 15, pp.1582~1583 (2019)
  53. Simachev, Y., "Assessing the Impact of Public Funding and Tax Incentives in Russia : Recipient Analysis and Additionality Effects Evaluation", Fteval Journal, 44, pp.17~34 (2017)
  54. Szucs, F., "Do research subsidies crowd out private R&D of large firms? Evidence from European Framework Programmes", Research Policy, 49(3) (2020)
  55. Temple, J., "The long-run implications of growth theories", Journal of Economic Survey, 17(3), pp.497~510 (2003)
  56. Wu Ruirui, "Effect of government R&D subsidies on firms’ innovation in China", ASIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION, 28(1), pp.42~59 (2020), 기술경영경제학회[DOI]
  57. Zuniga‐Vicente, J. A., "Assessing the effect of public subsidies on firm R&D investment : a survey", Journal of Economic Surveys, 28(1), pp.36~67 (2014)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (2건)