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커뮤니케이션 접근의 공동체 탄력성 측정도구 개발

Developing a Scale for Community Resilience - A Communication Approach -

함승경
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2022.07|Crisisonomy|제18권 제7호|pp. 119-135|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.7.119

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참고문헌

키워드

재난커뮤니케이션community resiliencedisastercommunication공동체 탄력성

초록

공동체 탄력성을 구성하는 요인 중 커뮤니케이션이 중요한 요인임에도 불구하고, 선행 연구들은커뮤니케이션 요인을 측정하지 않았다. 커뮤니케이션을 단순히 정보 전달 과정으로 간주했기 때문이다. 이 연구는 커뮤니케이션을 재난 이전에 형성되어야 할 관계성의 관점에서 정의하고, 선행 연구들을 검토하고 전문가와 일반인의 심층 인터뷰를 분석해 20개 문항으로 구성된 측정 도구를 개발하였다. 2번의 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 ‘지방정부 리더십’, ‘구성원 ‘효능감’, ‘쌍방향 커뮤니케이션’ 등 3개 요인을 도출하였다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 측정 도구의 변별 타당도와 수렴 타당도를 확인하였다. 마지막으로 사회적 지지와의 관련성을 통해 예측 타당도를 확인하였다. 이 연구에서 개발된 공동체 탄력성 지수가 재난으로부터 공동체 회복과 피해를 최소화하는 데활용되기를 기대한다.

Abstract

Although communication is an important factor constituting community resilience, previous research did not measure the communication factor. This was so because communication was viewed simply as a process of information exchange. In the present study, communication is defined in terms of the relationship to be formed before disaster. A measurement tool consisting of 20 items was developed by reviewing previous studies and analyzing in-depth interviews with experts and the general public. Two surveys were conducted. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed the following three factors: ‘local government leadership’, ‘efficacy of community members’, and ‘two-way communication’. The discriminative and convergent validity of the measurement tool were confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the predictive validity was confirmed through the relevance to social support. The community resilience scale developed in this study can be meaningfully used in future research used to recover the community from disasters and to minimize damage.

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