부인하는 용의자에 대한 설득면담전략 제안
Suggestion of a Persuasive Interview Strategy for a Denying Suspect
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정보수집형 면담은 자백획득형 면담에 내재된 허위자백 및 잘못된 기소의 위험을 방지하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었다. PEACE 모델, SUE, TIM 및 GIS와 같은 정보수집형 면담은 허위자백의 위험을 줄이고 용의자가 범죄자인지 여부를 판단할 수 있게 한다는 장점이 있지만, 용의자가 진술을 거부하거나 범행을 계속 부인하는 경우 사용할 방법을 수사관에게 제시하지 못한다는 한계가 있다. 이 논문은 정보수집형 면담 이후에도 계속 범행을 부인하는 용의자들에 대한 설득면담전략으로서 웅변적 설득, 이해관계 호소, 최소화를 제안한다. 이 세 가지 전략은 인간적 면담전략과 높은 상관관계가 있으며, '내적 압력'을 유발하고. 관대한 처벌의 암시가 없으므로 허위자백의 위험이 낮다. 수사관이 설득면담전략을 사용할 때에는 정보수집형 면담 이후에만 사용되어야 하고, 용의자에게는 부인과 변명의 기회가 주어져야하며, 범죄의 세부 사항을 언급해서는 안 되고, 설득의 시간은 제한되어야하며, 미성년자나 지적장애인에게 사용되어서는 안 된다.
Abstract
Information gathering interviews for suspects were developed with the aim of preventing the risk of false confessions and false prosecutions embedded in the confession obtaining interviews. Information gathering interviews such as PEACE model, SUE, TIM, and GIS have the advantage of reducing the risk of false confession and instructing whether the suspect is the criminal or not, but in the case that the suspect continues to deny or refuse the statement, there is a limitation that it cannot show investigators the methods after that. In this paper, I propose the use of oratorical persuasion, appeal to interest, and minimization as a persuasive interview strategy for the suspects who continue to deny after using the information gathering interview. These three strategies are highly correlated with humanitarian interview strategies, induce 'internal pressures', and do not imply generous penalties, so the risk of false confessions is low. When an investigator use the persuasive interview strategy, there are some precautions. It must be used only after the information gathering interview has been used. The suspect must be given the opportunity to deny. The details of the crime should not be mentioned. The time of persuasion should be limited. And it should not be used for vulnerable people.
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