고려전기와 조선초기 국상 시 황제국 측의 조문 외교 의례의 비교 탐색

Abstract

In this paper, in terms of diplomatic rituals performed by the Chinese Imperial State at the level of condolences after the death of the king, it was clarified that there was a large epochal gap between the early Koryŏ and early Chosŏn period. And the historical implications of this epochal difference were explored. Specifically, by means of the ceremonial procedure prepared by Koryŏ in the early Koryŏ Dynasty, the Chinese Imperial state performed the diplomatic rites for condolences. In the early Chosŏn Dynasty, the Ming emperor dispatched envoys to Chosŏn to condolence upon the death of the king, and the envoys executed Saje (賜祭), Sabu (賜賻) and Sasi (賜諡) ritual, which were conducted based on the ceremonial procedures unprecedentedly prepared by the Ming side and sent to Chosŏn. And I tried that this fact was highlighted and its meaning was clarified. In particular, it was noted that the action of the Ming side was confined to Chosŏn, and in fact, they were passively acted upon by the Chosŏn side’s Choengsi (請諡) and Kobu (告訃) ritual. Next, while Kibok (起復) ritual was held in the early Koryŏ period, it was not like that in early Chosŏn period. the difference between the two periods was highlighted and the meaning was explored. In particular, attention was paid to how the difference in the external status of the 'enthronement' held in Korea during each period was related to whether or not the Kibok (起復) ritual was performed. Another disparate point is the fact that Sasi (賜諡) ritual was held in Chosŏn but not in the early Koryŏ period, and this difference and its context were investigated. Lastly, various heterogeneous aspects between Jejŏn (祭奠) ritual in the early Koryŏ period and Saje (賜祭) ritual in Chosŏn were reviewed. In particular, Jejŏn (祭奠) ritual in the early Koryŏ period was ceremonies that reflected the differential relationship between superiors and subordinates and at the same time commemorated deceased foreign monarchs by the Chinese emperor on the premise of a relationship between monarch and monarch. In contrast, it was found out that Saje (賜祭) ritual in the early Chosŏn period was a ceremony in which the Ming emperor sent an envoy to give praise and instructions to the Chosŏn king. In addition, the historical implications of the difference in aspects were also explored.