조선후기 새로운 생활 신앙 염원의 단면(斷面) —유⋅불⋅도 관련 민화를 중심으로—

Abstract

This paper explores the aspiration of new life religion formed in the late Joseon Dynasty, based on the religious folk paintings (Minhua, 民畵). Several religious folk paintings, which are estimated to be producedin the mid of late 19th century, show combination of various religions contents like Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism. As a starting point of that kinds religious folk paintings, this paper focused on the Xing Ming Gui Zhi (性命圭旨), is a sacred book of Ming Dynasty on the Taoism which integrates three religions; Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. The book not only includes the popular discipline of training Nai Dan (內丹), but the paintings in the book had been copied as folk paintings in the late Choson. In order to discussing the influences of the book on the civilian’s religious conception, this research also examined the blurred religious boundariesamong the people. At the same time, examination of several folk paintings which indicate the dismantling phenomenon of various religions, shows the changes in the religious consciousness. The transformed religious conception began in the Scholar official society, which had been deepened into the aspirations of life faith at the civilian level. It is thought that the aspiration became a basis for the birth of late Choson’s New religions like Donghak (동학) and Jeongsan Gyo (증산교) which have features of unification of three religions, the acceptance of modern thought, civil movement.