서구 유럽 이민자 통합정책의 변모-네덜란드, 프랑스, 독일의 시민 통합과 반차별 정책
Transformation of Immigrant Integration in Western Europe: Civic Integration and Antidiscrimination Policies in the Netherlands, France, and Germany
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This article argues that, beginning in the mid-1990s, there has been a transformation of immigrant integration policies in Western Europe, away from distinct “national models” and toward convergent policies of “civic integration” for newcomers and “antidiscrimination” for settled immigrants and their descendants. This convergence is demonstrated by a “least like - ly” case comparison of the Netherlands, France, and Germany, states that had pursued sharply different lines in the past. I flesh out the conflicting, even contradictory logics of antidiscrimination and civic integration and ground them in opposite variants of liberalism, an “old” liberalism of non -discrimination and equal opportunity, and a “new” liberalism of power and disciplining, respectively.
Abstract
This article argues that, beginning in the mid-1990s, there has been a transformation of immigrant integration policies in Western Europe, away from distinct “national models” and toward convergent policies of “civic integration” for newcomers and “antidiscrimination” for settled immigrants and their descendants. This convergence is demonstrated by a “least like - ly” case comparison of the Netherlands, France, and Germany, states that had pursued sharply different lines in the past. I flesh out the conflicting, even contradictory logics of antidiscrimination and civic integration and ground them in opposite variants of liberalism, an “old” liberalism of non -discrimination and equal opportunity, and a “new” liberalism of power and disciplining, respectively.
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