칼뱅의 신학적 認知構造: ‘신神지식’‘인간 지식’의 이율배반적 복합
Theological Recognizing System of J. Calvin : complex oppositorum between Knowledge of God and Knowledge of Man
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본 연구는, 칼뱅의 주저인『기독교 강요』(I n s t i t u t i o Christianae Religionis)를 중심으로 그의‘신학방법’혹은‘인지구조’를분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 왜냐하면 어느 특정한 신학자의 신학적특성을 이해하려면, 우리는 먼저 그의‘신학체계’나‘사유체계’혹은 그의‘인지구조’에서부터 출발해야 하기 때문이다. 즉 신학자 자신의 신학방법 및 체계에서 벗어난 해석은 바른 해석이 될 수 없기 때문이다. 이를 위해서 제II장에서는 우선 지금까지 칼뱅의‘신학방법’내지‘신학체계’를 연구하였던 학자들의 선행 연구결과를 간략히 소개하면서, 그 특성을 제시하고자 한다. 그리고 제I II장에서는 그의 시대-정신적 배경인‘라틴문화의 사유체계’에 대하여 알아보고, 제IV장에서는칼뱅 자신이 자신의『기독교 강요』에서 신학적 주제를 어떻게 전개하고있는지, 그의‘신학방법’및‘인지구조’를 분석해 볼 것이다.
Abstract
In general, M. Luther begins the unfolding of his theology with the theory of justification by faith. J. Calvin, not like M. Luther, unfolded his theological thesis not from a theological perspective. His theological perspective varies much with theological main points such as ‘initiative sovereignty of God,’ ‘ethical perspective’ and ‘election theory,’ but he has no concretive theological method managing his whole theological theme. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to analyze the method according to which J. Calvin is describing in his Institutio Christianae Religionis. Realizing this purpose, above all I have accepted investigation results of the theological method for J. Calvin by H. Bauke; Ford Lewis Battles; W. Niesel. On account of their investigation, I have found the theological recognizing system from the Institutio Christianae Religionis of J. Calvin. This recognizing system however is based on the perspective of psychological structure for H. Weber. Theological recognizing of the system of Institutio Christianae Religionis of J. Calvin is to characterize with the theory of complexio oppositorum which heritages from recognizing system of Latin culture formed by Tertullianus and Augustine. For this reason, theological recognizing system for J. Calvin has the character of contradictions, contrariéteé, antinomies. However this is not a material discrepancy, but only formal and logical. Since, as for J. Calvin, formal and logical discrepancy is overcome by ‘initiative sovereignty of God.’
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