중국어 인물지칭 신조어의 단어모형 분석 - 2006~2014년 신조어를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Generally, an Address Term represents a reciprocal relationship between a speaker and a listener as language often reflects the social structure and culture of a society. Such an Address Term may vary by country due to sociocultural differences. Among the newly coined Chinese terms, Address Terms, and Reference Terms, it is interesting to observe that the characteristics of modern society that are reflected by these terms are different from that of the existing social structure and culture. Additionally, since such newly coined terms are often used in modern Chinese society, one can observe how one’s self or others are referred to using these terms. The scope of this research is to analyze the set of new Chinese terms coined that refer to and designate individuals. The following changes among these new Chinese reference terms can be observed by conducting an analysis on factors such as the word－formation, definitions, and structure, as well as the yearly distribution ratio of the terms. First, the word－formation used in new Chinese reference terms appears in order of “－族, －女, －哥, －男, －客, －奴, －二代, －人, 房－” in accordance with the frequency of appearance. This represents the word－forming ability to create new Chinese reference terms. However, this word－forming ability of the word－formation and its frequency of usage are not proportional. For example, the word－forming ability of “XXY” is very low, but the words formed are frequently used and are the new popular words in Chinese. Second, the yearly distribution ratio of word－formations reflects the public’s language－use tendency relevant to societal issues, the trends of word－formation, etc. Among them, “－族” which generally occupies a high percentage every year, can be considered as the word－formation that has the most stable word－forming ability. Although its distribution ratio is not high, “－男, －女, －客, －人,” which consistently appears every year, may be considered as another stable word－formation. “－奴, －哥, 学－” prevailed usually in a certain period as its distribution ratio was disproportionate. Third, the asymmetric emergence of word－formations in opposition is related to the process of definition categorization, assignment of emotional significance to new individual references, etc. During definition categorization, there is a gradual transition from the definition exhibiting individual attributes to the definition displaying attributes typical of the relevant group. The public’s expression of emotional significance is displayed through diverse means such as familiar feelings, satirical definition, etc.