이란의 지하국 대적 퇴치 유형 설화에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the commonness and uniqueness of Iranian Underground Nation's Destroying Her Enemy was a story whose major motives were a kidnapping of women or property and the underground nation that destroyed her enemy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the folktale's structure and special characters by analyzing the date concerned of Iranian folktales. This type is a well-known and very old type in the world. E. S. Harfland and W. G. Aston have said that this type of tales belongs to Perseus, Andromeda Type which is spreaded throughout the world. Therefore many countries have the same type. Until now there are about 1000 in the world. It was extracted the 13 folktales in the date of Iranian Folktales. According to the AT Type Index, this story is divided into four categories. These are 300. 301..302 and 303. Iranian version has partially all motifs of the 300, 301, 302 and 303 types in Aarne and Thompson's Types of Folktale. In case of Iranian version, the common structure of Iranian Underground nation's Destroying Her Enemy consists of absence -quest - destroying - betrayal - recognition - marriage. Compared with the different versions and Iranian version, this study gets to the following special motifs:1. All Iranian version have a space background in underground. 2. In Iranian versions, story ends always in marrige like same ending as in most folktales in the world. This meaning is one of the special characters in folktale. So It seems that Iranian versions were reflected from more folktale than myth. 3. There are div/dragon motif as the object of destroying in all. 4. Iranian simorgh motif is a modification of bird/eagle in AT 301. Simorgh means legendary bird in Iran's myth.