이집트 민주화와 시민사회
Egypt Democratization and Civil Society
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ousting its dictator, it failed in the transition to democracy. Moreover, Egypt has determined that the el-Sisi regime will be extended by amending its constitution. This paper aims to answer these questions: is democracy in Egypt impossible? Can its civil society be a solution? It is controversial which factors/conditions influence democratization. Among the factors, this paper argues that the capacity and potential of civil society leads to democratization; and one of the major reasons that Egypt failed in democratization even after the successful ousting of Mubarak through civil resistance is the weakness of their civil society. Egyptian regimes, particularly military regimes, have repressed the emergence and development of civil society by restrictive laws. As a result, Egyptian civil society could not have its capacity for playing a leading role during the 2011 civil resistance; and it could not have the potential for leading the transitional country in the aftermath. The Muslim Brotherhood, which is the only organization with representativeness and potential in Egypt, is repressed and has lost its human/material resources. Despite this, developing civil society in terms of quantity and quality is very important for democratizing Egypt. With the extension of the el- Sisi regime, the expectation on the importance of civil society for democratization is increasing.
Abstract
ousting its dictator, it failed in the transition to democracy. Moreover, Egypt has determined that the el-Sisi regime will be extended by amending its constitution. This paper aims to answer these questions: is democracy in Egypt impossible? Can its civil society be a solution? It is controversial which factors/conditions influence democratization. Among the factors, this paper argues that the capacity and potential of civil society leads to democratization; and one of the major reasons that Egypt failed in democratization even after the successful ousting of Mubarak through civil resistance is the weakness of their civil society. Egyptian regimes, particularly military regimes, have repressed the emergence and development of civil society by restrictive laws. As a result, Egyptian civil society could not have its capacity for playing a leading role during the 2011 civil resistance; and it could not have the potential for leading the transitional country in the aftermath. The Muslim Brotherhood, which is the only organization with representativeness and potential in Egypt, is repressed and has lost its human/material resources. Despite this, developing civil society in terms of quantity and quality is very important for democratizing Egypt. With the extension of the el- Sisi regime, the expectation on the importance of civil society for democratization is increasing.
참고문헌 (45)
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