우크라이나 전쟁으로 조명된 시리아 난민에 대한 유럽의 ‘이중잣대’: 아랍권은 비판에서 자유로운가?
The War in Ukraine and Europe’s ‘Double Standard’ toward Syrian Refugees: Is the Arab World free from Criticism?
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본 연구는 영어 및 아랍어로 발행되는 아랍권 언론에서 유럽의우크라이나 난민 정책이 어떻게 유럽을 비판하기 위한 근거로 제시되고유럽의 인종주의적 차별에 관한 담론을 구성하는지를 분석한다. 이어 시리아 난민에 대한 배타적 정책과 부정적 인식이 유럽의 전유물인지, 아랍권 언론이 유럽에 제기하는 비판으로부터 아랍 국가는 자유로울 수 있는지 확인하기 위해 시리아 난민이 가장 많은 아랍 국가인 레바논과 요르단의 시리아 난민 정책을 검토하고 두 국가에서 시리아 난민이 어떻게 인식되는지를 살펴본다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 아랍 국가에도 시리아 난민에대한 배타적 정책과 부정적 인식이 존재함을 확인하여 시리아 난민이 같은 문화적 배경을 가진 아랍권에서도 환대의 대상으로만은 인식되지 않는다는 점을 지적하고자 한다. 본 연구는 또한 시리아 난민이 유럽과 아랍권에서 타자화되는 이유를 분석하기 위해서는 문화적 요인 외에 난민수용국마다 다른 정치적, 사회경제적 요인 사이의 복합적 상호관계를 이해하는 총체적 시각이 필요함을 주장하고자 한다.
Abstract
This study analyzes how Arab media published in English and Arabi presents Europe’s Ukrainian refugee policy as a basis for criticizing Europe, and how it constitutes a discourse about racist discrimination in Europe. This study examines the Syrian refugee policies of Lebanon and Jordan, the two Arab countries with the largest number of Syrian refugees, to determine whether exclusive policies and negative perceptions of Syrian refugees are exclusive to Europe and whether Arab countries can be free from the criticism raised by the Arab media toward Europe. Through this, this study confirms that exclusive policies and negative perceptions of Syrian refugees exist even in Arab countries, pointing out that even in Arab countries with the same cultural background, Syrian refugees are not perceived as objects of hospitality.This study also argues that a holistic perspective is needed to understand the complex interrelationship between cultural factors, political, and socioeconomic factors that vary from one host country to another in order to analyze why Syrian refugees are otherized in Europe and the Arab world.
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