시리아 난민사태: 인도적 위기의 안보적 접근과 분열된 정치적 대응
Syrian Refugee Crisis: Securitization and Political Divide Over Syrian Refugee Crisis
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중동과 아프리카로부터의 대규모 난민유입으로 최악의 난민사태에 직면한 유럽 국가들 사이에서 반이민정서, 이슬람 혐오증이 커지고 있다. 난민에 대한 외면은 단기적으로 자국의 사회안정을 도모할 수 있겠지만, 궁극적으로는 더욱 복잡하고 위험한 상황을 자초할 수 있다. 그러므로 난민문제가 안보위협이 될 가능성을 규명함으로써 인도주의적 관점뿐 아니라 현실정치(realpolitik)의 측면에서도 난민보호가 필요하다는 인식 재고가 필요하다. 이러한 맥락에서 본고는 시리아 난민위기에 대한 유럽 국가들의 분열된 정치적․안보적 대응양상을 고찰한다. 이를 통해 국가들이 어떻게 인도주의적 중심의 접근법과 국가(사회)안보적 접근법 간의 균형점을 찾아 난민문제의 해법을 모색할 수 있는지 논하고자 한다.
Abstract
As ever-growing refugee flows have greatly challenged European countries, they regard the refugee crisis as security concerns and increase anti-refugee and anti-Muslim sentiments. The refusal of refugees may maintain social stability in the short run, but would ultimately generate more complicated and dangerous situations. Therefore, it is important to examine refugee crisis through the realpolitik perspective by identifying social and political instability and security threats that can be caused by the rejection of refugees. In this context, this paper intends to examine Europe’s divided political response to Syrian refuge crisis and discuss how to balance humanitarianism and national security perspectives when dealing with refugee issues.
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