동북아해역도시의 도시개발과 재생 사이: 상하이, 홍콩과 부산을 대상으로

Abstract

Since the mid-to-late 20th century, so-called 'urban regeneration' or 'urban creation' has been developed in many cities around the world. In fact, if you look at the history of modern world cities, there are not a few cases where urbanization was developed mainly under the slogans of 'development' and 'growth', industrial facilities were built and population was introduced, and accordingly, space was expanded to become a metropolitan city. However, after deindustrialization, as the factor of population absorption caused by such industrialization disappeared, the population gradually decreased and the number of cities that are aging increased, so we had to find a way to maintain the city, and accordingly, various urban regeneration projects are being carried out with the recognition of promoting population inflow through urban regeneration. It was found that China's special systems and history were reflected in Shanghai's big projects, the construction of a 'global city' and the urban regeneration project. In addition, the construction of a new airport in Hong Kong and the resulting migration of indigenous people were combined with the reality that the identity of Hong Kong people emerged as a social problem after the return to China and were linked to urban regeneration projects centered on downtown Hong Kong. Meanwhile, attention is being paid to what kind of urban policies Hong Kong will establish in the future, as it has gained an important position in the construction of a mega-region called Weigang Ao Greater Bay Area(粵港澳大灣區) under the One Belt, One Road policy after returning to China. Busan faced a serious problem in which the city gradually lost its vitality due to population decline in the 21st century. As a result, major urban construction projects such as the Buulgyeong Mega City, the construction of Gadeok New Airport, the hosting of the Expo, and the redevelopment of Bukhang are planned or operated. Along with this, urban regeneration projects centered on the original city center were also promoted to achieve results. The challenge is how much such urban planning will lead to sustainable growth while working with Busan citizens in the future. As a result, we can see what similarities and differences the efforts of urban development and regeneration attempting to find new engines have in the late 20th century, and we hope that these similar experiences can be communicated and shared with each other through the East Asian Maritime City Network to build and grow an East Asian maritime city that is good to live with.