조선시대 慶尙道 大丘의 지역개발과 농업구조의 재편

Abstract

This paper examines the local developments and reorganization of farming fields in Daegu, Gyeongsang Province during 15～19th century. Local Developments of Daegu County can be divided into three periods. First period is the 15th century (early Joseon Dynasty) in which downtown of Daegu's main area and several old downtowns such as Haean, Suseong, Habin attached in Daegu since Joseon Dynasty established were developed especially on plains and below hillsides. Second period is the 16-mid 18th century (mid Joseon Dynasty) in which the trends of development reached those vicinities, esp. to valleys among the mountain ranges. The method of rice transplantation in paddy field(移秧法) was developed in earnest in the valleys through the dammed poors for irrigation(川防) as well. The third period is mid 18th～early 20th century (late Joseon Dynasty) in which the trend reached up to the even lofty mountains, 500～700m sea levels, and populations between the valleys and on the mountains were growing gradually by people moving from plains or below hillside to the valleys. While the areas were growing, the farming areas were also changing. The rice farming areas were spread out to plains and below hillsides near people crowded downtowns the reservoirs constructed when the Joseon Dynasty began. But central axis of rice farming fields were moved to the mountain ranges with almost the same time the method of rice farming techniques were changed from direct seedings(直播法) to transplantation due to many dammed poors constructed between valleys. These trends were accelerated after mid 18th century. So the valleys and mountain ranges were developed as the main rice farming areas and populations were crowded contrasting underdeveloped plains and below hillsides and reorganized dry field(旱田) farming.