13~16세기 호적과 족보의 계보형태와 그 특성

Abstract

The Korean hojok (戶籍) is remarkable in that descent of both the master and his wife was recorded. For the master and his wife, their "four ancestors" (sajo, 四祖) to refer to the three patrilineal ancestors of father, grandfather, and great-grandfather plus one matrilineal ancestor of maternal grandfather, were recorded. The sajo of the master of a household could be found in the hoj?k of his father before he moved out and established his own family. The record of the wife's sajo was brought from her parents' home when she was married off. The hojok information on the parents of both bride and bridegroom was exchanged at the event of marriage. And the marriage relationships involving many families were recorded for one household. They provide information on a family at the time of their recording and their ancestors in the preceding generations. This is completely different in form from the lineages contained in the chokpo (族譜). Most chokpo describe the lineage beginning with a certain ancestor and tracing his descendants down, and these lineages form a network which extends to collateral siblings of patrilineal descendants. However the information on the ancestors before braches of the lineage spread to collateral siblings is collected from the genealogical records that have been gathered in a family. It can still be found in the records of sajo in many hojok which have been amassed for a long time. The emergence of the chokpo among the people in the fifteenth century coincided with the official ban on the multiple tracing of paternal and maternal descents on the hojok and the abolishment of the legal guarantee of the high class' status. On the Andong Kwon Clan Genealogy of 1476(Andong kwonssi songhwabo, 安東權氏成化譜), the records of the patrilineal descentecorth many family names indicate that many central officials were involved in the marriage networks. The Annotated Classification of the FtrilClans (Sasong kangmokrth, 姓綱目) compiled at the local level, and includes family lines of many other family names which had marriage relationship through collateral siblings. Still, some chokpo were compiled on the basis of the lineages in the hojok.