개화기 ‘學部 편찬 修身書’가 지니는 敎科用 圖書로서의 의의와 한계

Abstract

The subject of this study is about moral training textbooks compiled by Hakbu(學部) from 1894 to 1910. During the period were compiled three moral training textbooks: Suk Hye Gi Ryak(『夙惠記略』), So Hak Dok Bon(『小學讀本』), and Elementary School Textbook of the Self-cultivation(『普通學校 學徒用 修身書』). Suk Hye Gi Ryak(『夙惠記略』) is a textbook to introduce Chinese people in the different age groups. The first feature of it is that it does not cover the people with the equal weight. Secondly, the figures written in the textbook have a variety of nationality and organizations they belong to. Thirdly, the people introduced in the textbook are so called a ‘genius’. So Hak Dok Bon(『小學讀本』) focused on introducing the people of Goryeo(高麗) and Joseon(朝鮮) by subjects. It has very systematic and precise features. But, it has a tendency towards Confucianism-centered contents. Elementary School Textbook of the Self-cultivation(『普通學校 學徒用 修身書』), unlike other moral training textbooks, was compiled after the establishment of the Residency-General(統監府) in 1906. It hardly contains the contents related to loyalty and patriotism, and features negative description about Daehan Empire(大韓帝國). However, the textbook has considerably advanced for the practical use of teaching and learning. Based on the features described earlier, the comparative analysis of the three moral training textbooks came to the conclusion as follows. So Hak Dok Bon(『小學讀本』) is more stable and better than two other moral training textbooks in various aspects. Although So Hak Dok Bon(『小學讀本』) has an excellent systematic composition and stability regarding practical use and suitability of purpose better than two other textbooks, it has the limitations of Confucianism-centered contents and lack of futuristic value. In fact, Elementary School Textbook of the Self-cultivation(『普通學校 學徒用 修身書』) has considerably advanced regarding the suitability of purpose and practical use, but there is some suspicion that Japan had been involved in removing the contents related to loyalty and patriotism, which were the purpose of moral training subject from 1906 to 1910. Moreover, since the textbook contains disparagement and negative ideas of Daehan Empire, this study concludes that it is problematic textbook. Its composition is very effective only in achieving the purpose of the restricted moral training subject. In the case of Suk Hye Gi Ryak(『夙惠記略』), it has the lowest level of assessment in various aspects so that it leaves something to be unsatisfied.