한국군의 이념 변화 ―육군의 ‘반공화’를 중심으로―
The Change of the R.O.K Army's Ideology ―Focusing on the R.O.K Army's Anti-Communism―
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The Constabulary was founded on January 15, 1946 under the leadership of the U.S. Army Military Government in Korea(USAMGIK). It was transformed into the Army after the establishment of the R.O.K government. When the Constabulary was established, the USAMGIK not only restricted the character of the Constabulary as the reserve for national police but also forced it to take political neutrality and non-partisanship in its attitude. The USAMGIK emphasized that the Constabulary should be neutral in politics on the purpose of winning the driving force who tried to build Army over to its side. Because of this policy of the USAMGIK, various kinds of political groups whose spectra were very different each other participated in the Constabulary. There could be possible for its members to coexist in the Constabulary. However, this structure for the Constabulary started to come down since the latter half of 1947. At that time, red purge was made in the Constabulary ahead of the general election for South Korea only in May 1948. 'Political neutrality' of the Constabulary had be weakened by degrees since R.O.K. government was founded. Yi Pom-sok, who was appointed to the Defense Minister after the establishment of R.O.K. government, claimed to stand for strong anti-communism policy. However, he couldn't express his policy in a formula because of public opinion at that time. The R.O.K. Army stopped its neutral attitude in politics after undergoing Yosun rebellion. Instead, it adopted anti-communism as its official ideology. It used various mechanisms with adopting anti-communism. Some phrases and memorial measures were used like the words 'the god of war' and 'Ten brave soldiers of human bomb.' These things were earlier adopted by Japanese imperialists who used them in their war. These phenomena emerged because the R.O.K. Army leadership mostly had come from former Japanese Imperial Army. Moreover, the R.O.K. Army adopted anti-communism as its formal attitude, but it let unable the national demand for the pro-Japanese groups cleanup to be done for reason of political neutrality.
Abstract
The Constabulary was founded on January 15, 1946 under the leadership of the U.S. Army Military Government in Korea(USAMGIK). It was transformed into the Army after the establishment of the R.O.K government. When the Constabulary was established, the USAMGIK not only restricted the character of the Constabulary as the reserve for national police but also forced it to take political neutrality and non-partisanship in its attitude. The USAMGIK emphasized that the Constabulary should be neutral in politics on the purpose of winning the driving force who tried to build Army over to its side. Because of this policy of the USAMGIK, various kinds of political groups whose spectra were very different each other participated in the Constabulary. There could be possible for its members to coexist in the Constabulary. However, this structure for the Constabulary started to come down since the latter half of 1947. At that time, red purge was made in the Constabulary ahead of the general election for South Korea only in May 1948. 'Political neutrality' of the Constabulary had be weakened by degrees since R.O.K. government was founded. Yi Pom-sok, who was appointed to the Defense Minister after the establishment of R.O.K. government, claimed to stand for strong anti-communism policy. However, he couldn't express his policy in a formula because of public opinion at that time. The R.O.K. Army stopped its neutral attitude in politics after undergoing Yosun rebellion. Instead, it adopted anti-communism as its official ideology. It used various mechanisms with adopting anti-communism. Some phrases and memorial measures were used like the words 'the god of war' and 'Ten brave soldiers of human bomb.' These things were earlier adopted by Japanese imperialists who used them in their war. These phenomena emerged because the R.O.K. Army leadership mostly had come from former Japanese Imperial Army. Moreover, the R.O.K. Army adopted anti-communism as its formal attitude, but it let unable the national demand for the pro-Japanese groups cleanup to be done for reason of political neutrality.
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