왜 식민지조선 음악가들은 관현악단을 만들고자 했는가: 경성방송(JODK) 관현악단의 출현과 그 의의

Abstract

The establishment of orchestra by musicians during the period of Japanese colonial rule in Chosun was not merely creating a music organization, but was rather a fundamental and essential goal to build the identity of musicians and systemize the music industry of Chosun. Although the active attempts to establish orchestra organizations during the 1920s led to the creation of many music performance groups, they could not go beyond the organization of chamber groups due to the lack of professional players. Among them, unlike other musical bands mainly consisting of students or Japanese, Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra was finally established as the first symphony orchestra having only professional musicians. Its emergence is an important event demonstrating that the attempts to found a symphony orchestra had existed since the period of Chosun under Japanese colonial rule in Korea’s western music history. The researcher aims to analyze Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra, which is probably the most clear form of orchestra during the period of Japanese colonial rule, from various aspects in the center of this study. It will first examine the situation of the music industry such as the formation and operation of performance groups until the 1930s when Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra was established. Next, the study will identify the purpose of the music broadcasting of Kyungseong Broadcasting Station and the foundation of Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra, as well as the activities and roles of members by examining primary documents. By doing so, the study will be able to understand the tasks facing the orchestra through the social perception on the music industry at that time, financial limitations, and the efforts of musicians, finding various meanings that Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra connotes. First, it helped realize the 'establishment of orchestra' that had been attempted in Korea from the 1920s, and second, it led to the foundation of the first orchestra belonging to a broadcasting station in Korea in which professional musicians were paid for their job. Lastly, it gives the public an opportunity to be familiarized with western music through broadcasting. This study lays a foundation for understanding how musicians' desire to create orchestras throughout the colonial rule led to the foundation of Kyungseong Broadcasting Orchestra and the historical trend of symphony orchestra after Korea was liberated from Japan.