발성 테크닉 지도를 위한 심상(Imagery) 활용의 실제
The Practice of Utilizing Imagery for Teaching Vocal Techniques
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 성악 지도를 위해 활용되는 심상(imagery)과 비유에 대한 이론적 배경을 마련하고 전문 성악 교수자들의 심상 활용의 실제를 조사ᆞ분석하여 효과적인 심상의 본성을 설명하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법은 특정 발성 테크닉과 관련된 발성 생리학적 원리 및 심상을 활용한 교수법을 주제로 한 문헌 조사 연구를 통한 이론적 기반의 마련과 전문 성악 교수자를 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과의 분석을 통한 결론의 도출이다. 연구 소재는 발성기관의 자기수용감각(proprioception) 지각 및 이와 관련된 근운동 감각(kinesthesia) 반응이 핵심 조건이 되는 어질러티 (agility)이다. 설문조사는 전문 성악 교수자 13인을 대상으로 3회의 설문조 사와 추가적인 인터뷰로 진행했다. 설문은 어질러티 지도를 위해 활용하는 심상과 비유를 묻는 정성적 성격의 문항들로 구성하였으며 답변 내용은 주제별로 주요 요소를 종합하여 정리하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심상의 인식과 반응에는 주관성과 개인차가 존재한다. 둘째, 발성과 관련된 복잡한 신경학적 과정 또는 눈으로 확인하거나 직접적 감각으로 도 지각하기 어려운 발성 이벤트를 설명하기 위한 심상과 비유는 구체적이 고 정교하며 자세하게 구상된다. 셋째, 심상과 비유의 구상에는 발성기관의 움직임에 대한 불필요한 의식이나 의도적인 조작을 지양하고자 하는 의도 가 반영된다. 넷째, 발성 테크닉 지도는 기술적 관점뿐만이 아니라 예술적 관점으로 접근된다. 다섯째, 음악의 디테일한 특징까지 구분하여 구상되는 심상과 비유는 교수자의 전문적 지식이 근간이 된 적절한 경험의 누적에 의한 직관이 요구된다. 본 연구의 결과는 성악 지도를 위한 효과적인 심상과 비유의 구상 및 활용에 유의미한 기여를 할 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical background to the use of imagery and analogy in vocal instruction and to investigate and analyze the practice of their use by professional voice teachers in order to explain the nature of effective imagery and related analogies. The research methods were included establishing a theoretical background through a literature review of teaching methods using vocal physiological principles and imagery in relation to specific vocal techniques, and drawing conclusions through analysis of the results of a survey of professional voice teachers. The subject of the study is agility, as proprioception and its associated kinesthetic responses are key condition for this technique. The research consisted of three questionnaires and additional interviews with 13 professional voice teachers. The questionnaire was qualitative in nature, asking for imagery and related analogies for teaching agility, and the responses were summarized into themes and key elements. The findings are as follows: First, there is subjectivity and individual differences in the perception and response to imagery. Second, imagery and analogies are specific, detailed, and comprehensive in describing complex neurological processes involved in vocalization or vocal events that are difficult to perceive through the direct senses. Third, imagery and analogies are developed to avoid unnecessary awareness or deliberate manipulation of vocal organ movements. Fourthly, vocal technique is approached from an artistic as well as a technical point of view. Finally, the imagery and analogies are constructed by recognizing the detailed features of music that require intuition through the accumulation of appropriate experience based on the professional knowledge of the instructor. The results of this study will make a significant contribution to the design and use of effective imagery and analogies for vocal teaching.
참고문헌 (38)
- 고선미, "성악교수법에 있어서 심상 이미지(Mental Imagery)의 특이성과 역할 연구", 이화음악논집, (8), pp.1~20 (2004), 음악연구소
- 고선미, "발성조절에 있어서의 피드백의 특성 및 역할 연구: Part Ⅱ", 이화음악논집, 15(1), pp.27~51 (2011), 음악연구소[DOI]
- Alderson, Richard, "Complete Handbook of Voice Training" (1979), Parker Publishing
- Bowes, Patricia Louise, "An Exploratory Study of the Use of Imagery by Vocal Professionals : Applications of a Sport Psychology Framework", Ph.D., pp.2009
- Brown, William E., "Vocal Wisdom : Maxims of Giovanni Battista Lamperti" (1973), Crescendo Press
- Carter, Mary Ryan, "Mental imagery in the science and art of singing : An inquiry into imagery use by a select group of professional singers", Ph.D., pp.1993
- Clements, Jon F., "The Use of Imagery in Teaching Voice to the Twenty-First Century Student", Ph.D., pp.2008
- Cleveland, Thomas. F., "Vocal pedagogy in the twenty first century : Mental imaging and the teaching of voice", Journal of Singing, 45(3), pp.41~42 (1989)
- Cohen, Anabel, "The Routlege Companion to interdisciplinary studies in singing, Vol. Ⅰ : Development" (2020), Routlege
- Davis, Richard, "A Beginning Singer’s Guide" (1998), Scarecrow
- Dunbar-Wells, Roslyn, "The relevance of metaphor in voice teaching : A comparative study of Sinus Tone Production and Vocal Cord Theories", Ph.D., pp.1997
- Fields, Victor, "How mind governs voice", Journal of Singing, 22(2), pp.2~29 (1972)
- Freed, Donald Callen, "Imagery in early twentieth-century American vocal pedagogy", Journal of Singing, 56(4), pp.5~12 (2000)
- Günter, Horst, "Mental concepts in singing : A psychological approach, Part Ⅱ", Journal of Singing, 49(1), pp.4~7 (1992)
- Gürnee, Robert, "In Memoriam: Selected Articles from the writings of William Vennard" (1971), National Association of Teachers of Singing
- Hemsley, Thomas, "Singing and Imagination : A Human Approach to a Great Musical Tradition" (1998), Oxford University Press
- Hines, Jerome, "Great Singers on great singing" (1988), Limelight
- Jestley, Jennifer Aileen, "Metaphorical and non-metaphorical imagery use in vocal pedagogy : An Investigation of Underlying Cognitive Organisational Constructs", Ph.D., pp.2011
- Johnson, Mark, "The body in the mind : the bodily basis of meaning, imagination, and reason" (1987), University of Chicago Press
- Lakoff, George, "Metaphors we live by" (2003), University of Chicago Press
- Leal, Juanita, "Cognitive insights and implications of singing: actions, proprioception, and perception in vocal performance", Graduate Student Research Symposium, Duquesne University (2022)
- McKinney, James, "Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults : A Manual for Teachers of Singing and for Choir Directors" (1994), Genevox Music Group
- Miller, Richard, "The law of contingency and vocal pedagogies", Journal of Singing, 51(3), pp.31~ (1995)
- Miller, Richard, "The reluctant student", Journal of Singing, 54(3), pp.41~43 (1998)
- Miller, Richard, "Training Soprano Voices" (2000), Oxford University Press
- Miller, Richard, "The syntax of voice technique", Journal of Singing, 58(1), pp.49~50 (2001)
- Ohrenstein, Dora, "Insights into training aural and kinesthetic awareness", Journal of Singing, 60(1), pp.29~35 (2003)
- Phillips, Pamela, "Singing for dummies" (2011), Wiley Publishing, Inc
- Reid, Cornelius, "Functional vocal training", Journal of Orgonomy, 4(2), pp.231~249 (1971)
- Sell, Karen, "The Disciplines of Vocal Pedagogy: Towards an holistic approach" (2005), Ashgate Publishing Company
- Stevens, Catherine J., , ICMPC7: International on Music Perception & Cognition: conference proceeding (2002)
- Sundberg, Johan, "Vocal tract resonance in singing", Journal of Singing, 44(4), pp.11~19 (1988)[DOI]
- Swank, Helen, "Some verbal directives regarding support concepts and their effects upon resultant sung tone", Journal of Singing, 40(3), pp.3~12 (1984)
- Titze, Ingo, "Principles of Voice Production" (1994), Prentice Hall
- Vennard, William, "Singing : The Mechanism and the technic" (1967), Carl Fisher
- Ware, Clifton, "Basics of Vocal Pedagogy: The Foundations and Process of Singing" (1998), McGraw-Hill
- Ware, Rachel, "The use of science and imagery in the voice studio : a survey of voice teachers in the United States and Canada", Journal of Singing, 69(4), pp.413~417 (2013)
- White, Brian David, "Some common misconceptions about singers and the art of singing", Journal of Singing, 41(2), pp.15~19 (1984)