古代 國家의 姓氏 受容과 變遷

Abstract

Family name (姓氏) is a concept that originated in China, and although last name (姓) and clan (氏) were separated at first, they merged into one during the Qin (秦)-Han (漢) period. The ancient state of the Korean Peninsula accepted the family name after the Qin (秦)-Han (漢) period. It is not known when they used family name (姓氏), but at the latest, the culture of family name (姓氏) existed in ancient society. Interestingly, however, king's family name (王姓) for the first time in the records related to the book stick. And that time is in the 4th century. China was a period of division in the Ohosipyukkook (五胡十六國) era. One of the Ohosipyukkook (五胡十六國)'s, West-Jin dynasty (西晉), reorganized the national system through the Han dynast (前漢)'s system and, in the process, tried to control the Dongyi (東夷) region by installing Dongyi Gyowi (東夷校尉), but it also served as a trade function. However, in the fourth century, the collapse of a rebellion of eight kings (八王의 亂), a rebellion of yongga period (永嘉의 亂) and Commanderies of Lelang and Daifang (樂浪․帶方郡) prevented countries on the Korean Peninsula from trading Chinese culture indirectly, forcing them to receive advanced Chinese culture through direct transactions. In order to trade with China, the ancient state of the Korean Peninsula had to be incorporated into the Chinese-made order, and in the process, the name of the country and its own name were given to China, and China would establish a treaty-making partnership with the countries on the Korean Peninsula. In the process, King's family name (王姓) became known to China and family name (姓氏) could be spread on the Korean Peninsula. Although culture has been introduced to the Korean Peninsula, Baekje (百濟) will undergo a process of accepting and propagating family name (姓氏), which is different from Goguryeo (高句麗) and Silla (新羅). Similar to China, Goguryeo (高句麗) and Silla (新羅) are confirmed to have spread family name (姓氏) through give one's family name (賜姓). Although there are some family name (姓氏) groups whose proportion of the ruling class received give one's family name (賜姓), Baekje (百濟) had no give one's family name (賜姓) record, but unlike Goguryeo (高句麗) or Silla (新羅), there were two letters family name (複姓). As such, the ancient Korean Peninsula country has acquired a family name (姓氏) to trade with China. And they were thought to have spread family name (姓氏) like China, but the process of spreading family name (姓氏) differed depending on the situation facing the nation, and this can be confirmed by the fact that Goguryeo (高句麗), Silla (新羅), and Baekje (百濟) had different family name (姓氏) proliferation processes.