5세기 신라 왕경 주변지역권 설정: 경주 서남소지역양식 토기와 석곽묘를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper discussed the geographical dissimilarity of southwestern and northeastern Gyeongju-style earthenware, which is Silla's most representative pottery style. Notably, the interrelation between the southwestern group's sub-regional style and specific tombs' characteristics was closely examined. Provided that a strong interrelation exists, it can be seen as the sub-regional tomb culture encompassed the Gyeongju, Pohang, and Ulsan areas which are the central regions of Silla. This study suggests redefining the sub-regional tomb culture area around the capital by encompassing southwestern Gyeongju and Ulsan. Furthermore, the role of the southwestern cultural zone of Gyeongju (vicinity of Gyeongju), as a middle ground between the capital and the provinces was studied. The concatenation between the distribution range of hemless mounted cups with upright spouts, a representative pottery style of southwest-small-regional culture in Gyeongju, and the range of the stone chamber tomb over the same periods resulted in classified subdivisions - earthenware-alone, tombs-alone and coexisted-earthenware and tomb. Gyeongsan-Gyeongju-Ulsan, which is the northeastern culture of Gyeongju. The tomb-alone regions were concentrated around the Nakdong River as Daegu-Chilgok (Middle Nakdong river) and Gimhae- Yangsan (Lower Nakdong river) are the central tomb-alone regions. The coexisted-earthenware and tomb area were further divided into single-openwork and mounted cup with double-openwork region and double-openwork only region. The former region surrounds the southwestern part of Gyeongju and Ulsan, while the latter is along the coast, including the western part of Gimhae and Busan. This study proved that the correlation between Gyeongju's southwestern sub-regional pottery style and stone chamber tombs could be validated over both Gyeongju and Ulsan. Also, it was found that Gyeongju's distinctive southwestern cultural zone differentiated from the northeastern cultural zone. The geographical advantage of Ulsan, which is easily accessible to Gyeongju by land and to Gimhae and Busan by sea, can be the main reason. After all findings, it could be concluded that the southwestern cultural zone of Gyeongju had been a cultural exchange hub between the maritime culture-centered area, Gimhae and Busan, and the inland culture-centered area, Gyeongju and Yeongcheon. This archaeological phenomenon is potentially connected to Silla's 6-part political group structure.