경주지역 고분 출토 단각고배에 관한 연구

Abstract

As representative of the latter style pottery in Silla, during the Three Kingdoms period, short mounted cups(短脚高杯, goblets) have been studied that were made in Gyeongju during the sixth century. This was when the tomb system changed from stone-surround wooden chamber tomb(積石木槨墳) into horizontal stone chamber tomb(橫穴式石室墳). Cups found in each tomb system were analyzed and compared. Also, near the time the cups were created, Hwangryong-sa temple(皇龍寺) was constructed. It’s generally recognized that these short mounted cups as a remarkable relic of a certain period of time since they were widely found in the entire region of the Silla dynasty after the seventh century. In order to clarify the culture during the time of Silla, it’s prudent to examine the design of short mounted cups from Gyeongju, which was the capital of the Silla dynasty. Therefore, this paper focuses on the typological analysis of short mounted cups excavated from tombs in the Gyeongju region. The purpose of this paper is to understand the transition of short mounted cups and to place it in chronological order. First, short mounted cups excavated from other tombs with a stone mound were analyzed. Second, short mounted cups from horizontal stone chamber tombs were also analyzed. The two results were then compared against each other. While focusing on the form of the end of foot of the cups in established studies, a large opening called ‘Toochang’(透窓) and a small opening named ‘Toogong’(透孔) were not definitively examined in the past, but are clearly defined in this paper. Moreover, it appears that the most effective ways to see the change in time order of short mounted cups during the Silla tomb style transition are the form of the end of foot of the cups and the combinations of the small and large openings in the foot of the cups. According to the existing theories, a short mounted cup only refers to very short footed mounted cups with a prominent cover-supporting rim(蓋收部). In this study, during sixth and seventh centuries mounted cups which have equal proportions as well as ones which have shorter foot part than cup part were also dealt with and named small size mounted cups(with cover-supporting rim) and small size mounted bowls(without cover-supporting rim). The judgement of classifying the type of cups was made according to the presence of cover-supporting rims or project lines. Each type of cups were then subclassified into three different patterns according to the features of the end of foot and the combinations with large openings or small openings. three different stages of short mounted cups were defined based on chronological order from the early sixth century to the late seventh century. Lastly, The coexistence and time order of these artifacts was confirmed through analyzing other relics and by seriation method. The features of each of these three stages were also examined. It was confirmed that short mounted cups were made during the time from extinctive period of stone-surround wooden chamber tombs until the period of prosperity marked by horizontal stone camber tomes and pottery with stamped ornamental designs(印花紋土器).