한국 다국적기업 해외직접투자의 산업내무역 파급효과: 전기 · 전자 · 자동차 산업 동태패널자료분석
The Impact of Korean Multinational Enterprises’ Outward FDI on Intra-Industry Trade: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of Electrical, Electronics and Motor Vehicle Industries
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본 논문은 해외직접투자가 국내 제조업 부문의 산업내무역에 미치는 영향을 기업단위 해외직접투자와 산업단위 산업내무역을 결합한 자료를 사용해 분석한다. 2001년에서 2009년까지 미국과 중국에 대한 한국 다국적기업의 해외현지법인 매출 현황과 제조업 중(소)분류 24개(66개) 업종의 산업내무역을 나타내는 통합자료를 구축해 시스템 일반화 적률법으로 패널회귀분석한 결과, 산업내 기업의 이질성, 산업단위의 지적자본요소부존도, 시장규모, 교역비용 등의 영향을 모두 고려한 후에도 제조업 중분류 수준에서 한국 다국적기업의 해외직접투자가 2004년에서 2009년 사이 산업내무역 증가의 약 33%를 설명한 것으로 나타났다. 또한해외직접투자는 1년 정도의 시차를 두고 2년 안에 제조업 부문 산업내무역에 긍정적 파급효과를 가져오는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 전기․전자․자동차 산업에서해외직접투자는 산업내무역 증가분의 평균 26.5%를 설명하였으며 1년 안에 긍정적 파급효과를 가져오는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This paper empirically investigates how Korean multinational enterprises’outward FDI influences intra-industry trade(IIT) at the various Korean Standard Industrial Classification(KSIC) levels. Using panel data covering FDI to US and China between 2001 and 2009, this paper finds a positive and significant relationship between IIT and FDI at the KSIC middle level, even after controlling for intra-industry firm heterogeneity, factor and skill endowments, and home and host country trade costs. In particular, outward FDI accounts for 33% of IIT in manufacturing between 2004 and 2009. It is stronger at the electrical, electronics and motor vehicles than at the other manufacturing sectors.
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