공천제도와 입법생산성 간의 관계에 대한 실증분석: 17대 국회입법자료를 중심으로
An Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Candidate Selection Process and Legislative Productivity
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본 연구는 공천방식과 입법생산성 간의 관계를 파악하고자 하는 시도이다. 상향식 공천방식이 제한적으로 시행된 17대 국회의 입법자료를 이용하여, 공천방식이국회의원의 법안발의행동과 타정당의원의 부서행위에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지,그 결과 발의된 법안이 본회의에서 가결될 가능성에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 살펴본다. 더 나아가 발의법안과 가결법안으로 측정된 국회의원의 성과가 재선에어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석한다. 그리고 이러한 실증분석을 바탕으로 한국정치의 생산성을 제고하기 위해서 국회의원선거를 포함한 모든 선거에서 상향식 공천제도의 도입, 국회의원선거와 지방선거의 주기 동조화, 그리고 정치자금관련법의 개정이 필요함을 주장한다.
Abstract
We study the relationship between parties’ candidate selection processes and legislative productivity. Utilizing the legislation data of the 17th National Assembly for which some of candidates were selected by the bottom-up selection process, we try to shed some light on how candidate selection methods affect what bills to propose, other party member’s countersignature,and the possibility that a bill passes on the floor. Furthermore, we examine how a legislator’s performance, especially the number of proposed bills and passed bills influences his/her chance of reelection. Anchored on our empirical analysis, we argue that it is desirable to adopt bottom-up candidate selection in all the levels of elections, hold National Assembly election and local elections in the same year, and revise campaign finance-related acts to enhance the legislative productivity.
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